[Botany • 2018] Thismia sumatrana (Thismiaceae) • A New Species from West Sumatra, Indonesia, with Discussions on the Taxonomic Identity of Thismia clavigera

December 24, 2018, 11:46 pm

≫ Next: [Fungi • 2018] Hygrocybe indica • A New Species of Hygrocybe from Kerala State, India

≪ Previous: [Ichthyology • 2018] Rasboroides vaterifloris & P. pallidus • Undocumented Translocations Spawn Taxonomic Inflation in Sri Lankan Fire Rasboras (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae)

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Thismia sumatrana Suetsugu & Tsukaya in Suetsugu, Tsukaya, Nurainas & Okada, 2018.   DOI:  10.3897/phytokeys.113.29103

Abstract

A new species of the mycoheterotrophic genus Thismia Griff. (Thismiaceae), Thismia sumatrana Suetsugu & Tsukaya, from West Sumatra, Indonesia, is described, based on a rehydrated herbarium specimen from National Museum of Nature and Science, Japan. Thismia sumatrana is closely related to T.clavigera (Becc.) F.Muell. but is distinguished by a much larger flower.

Keywords: Thismia, taxonomy, new species, mycoheterotrophy, Sumatra

Figure 1. Thismia sumatrana from West Sumatra, Indonesia (from the holotype). A Flower B Dome-shaped mitre bearing the eaves-like to hood-like accessory lobes. The accessory lobes are indicated using the arrows C Upper part of perianth tube. Outer perianth lobes are indicated by arrows D Inner view of two pendulous stamens. Thecae and glands are indicated by upper and lower arrows, respectively E Outer view of a pendulous stamen. Thecae and glands are indicated by upper and lower arrows, respectively. One grid is equal to 1 mm2.

Figure 2. Thismia sumatrana from West Sumatra, Indonesia (Drawn from the holotype).  A Flowering plant B Flower C Inner view of two pendulous stamens D Outer view of two pendulous stamens E Ovary with style and stigmas.  Drawn by Kumi Hamasaki. Scale bars: 1 cm (A–B), 1 mm (C–E).

Thismia sumatrana Suetsugu & Tsukaya, sp. nov.

Diagnosis: Thismia sumatrana differs from its close relative T. clavigera, in having a much larger flower (ca. 8 cm vs. ca. 2.8 cm long).

Distribution: It is known from only a single collection comprising of one flowering and one fruiting individual.

 Thismia sumatrana was collected from a forest floor beside a rheophytic zone along Anak Air Ganggu (Ganggu Stream), 0°33'S, 100°21'E, at Sipisang Village, Padang Pariaman, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The area was covered by mixed primary and secondary forest along a stream, where relatively natural conditions remained. For example, there were many individuals of a rare and large herbaceous plant, Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.) Becc. (Araceae). In addition, many individuals of a rheophytic plant, Furtadoa sumatrensis M.Hotta (Araceae), grew on small rocks both in the stream and on the stream bank (Mori and Okada 2001).

 Kenji Suetsugu, Hirokazu Tsukaya, Nurainas Nurainas and Hiroshi Okada. 2018. Thismia sumatrana (Thismiaceae), A New Species from West Sumatra, Indonesia, with Discussions on the Taxonomic Identity of Thismia clavigera. PhytoKeys. 113: 59-67.  DOI:  10.3897/phytokeys.113.29103

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[Fungi • 2018] Hygrocybe indica • A New Species of Hygrocybe from Kerala State, India

December 26, 2018, 11:08 pm

≫ Next: [Entomology • 2018] Indocnemis marijanmatoki • A New Species (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platycnemididae) from central Vietnam [On the Genus Indocnemis Laidlaw, 1917 in Vietnam]

≪ Previous: [Botany • 2018] Thismia sumatrana (Thismiaceae) • A New Species from West Sumatra, Indonesia, with Discussions on the Taxonomic Identity of Thismia clavigera

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Hygrocybe indica  in Latha & Manimohan, 2018.   DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.385.1.2

Abstract

Hygrocybe indica sp. nov. is described based on specimens collected from Kerala State, India. Morphology-based methods and phylogenetic analyses of sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) and nuclear large subunit (nrLSU) of the ribosomal RNA gene were employed to confirm the novelty of this species. The phylogenetic relationship inferred from independent nrLSU and nrITS sequence data matrices confirmed the difference of this new species from other species of Hygrocybe for which DNA sequences are available. The phylogenetic analyses clearly assigned H. indica to the subgenus Hygrocybe. A comprehensive description, photographs of the basidiocarps and the microstructures, and comparisons with morphologically similar and phylogenetically related species and phylograms to depict the placement of the new species are provided.

Keywords: Agaricales, Basidiomycota, Hygrophoraceae, phylogeny, taxonomy, Fungi

 K. P. Deepna Latha and Patinjareveettil Manimohan. 2018. A New Species of Hygrocybe from Kerala State, India.  Phytotaxa. 385(1); 13–22. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.385.1.2

[Entomology • 2018] Indocnemis marijanmatoki • A New Species (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platycnemididae) from central Vietnam [On the Genus Indocnemis Laidlaw, 1917 in Vietnam]

December 27, 2018, 12:06 am

≫ Next: [Entomology • 2018] Systematics of the Parasitoid Wasp Genus Aulacus Jurine (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea: Aulacidae) from Australia

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[upper] Indocnemis marijanmatoki  Phan, 2018 [lower] Indocnemis orang (Förster in Laidlaw, 1907)   DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.809.29058

Abstract

Indocnemis marijanmatoki sp. n. (holotype ♂, 1503 m a.s.l., Hon Ba Nature Reserve, Nha Trang city, Khanh Hoa Province, central Vietnam) is described based on both sexes. The morphological variation of Indocnemis orang (Förster in Laidlaw, 1907) is discussed and its distribution in Vietnam updated.

Keywords: Indocnemis, new species, Odonata, Platycnemididae, Vietnam

Figures 7–10. Indocnemis spp. 7 Indocnemis marijanmatoki  sp. n., ♂ from Kon Ka Kinh National Park, photographed by Mr To Van Quang 8 I. orang♂ in nature, Nam Giang, Quang Nam 9, 10 Habitus and appendages of I. orang♂, Cuc Phuong National Park, photographed by the author.

Figures 11–12. Habitus of Indocnemis marijanmatoki  sp. n.  11 Holotype male 12 Paratype female. Figures 13–20. Indocnemis spp. ♂. 13–16 Indocnemis marijanmatoki  sp. n., holotype ♂ and 17–20 I. orang (km19, Hon Ba Nature Reserve) 13, 17 appendages, dorsal view 14, 18 right cerci, oblique-dorsal view 15, 19 appendages, lateral view 16, 20 genital ligula, dorsal view.

Indocnemis marijanmatoki sp. n.

Diagnosis: The new species differs from I. orang with a combination of the following characters: in the male, the marking on dorsum of synthorax is small, shield-shaped; S9–10 entirely black; cerci short, of the length as S10, without a robust basal spine; paraproct entirely black. In the female, the posterior pronotal lobe of the prothorax is rather small, semicircular-shaped.

Etymology: Marijanmatoki, a noun in the genitive case, after Marijan Matok (born 28 March 1972) of Ulm-Söflingen, Germany, in appreciation of his support of the author’s odonatological research in Vietnam through the International Dragonfly Fund.

Habitat and ecology: At the type locality, the new species was found at a narrow (2–3 m wide), shallow stream with sandy bottom. Specimens were collected in April, which otherwise is early for other dragonflies and damselflies, so only Anotogaster sp. was found at the same stream. At the two localities where the new species was found, I. marijanmatoki sp. n. and I. orang occur at quite different elevations. The new species occurs at very high elevations, from 1,400–1,500 m a.s.l., while I. orang is usually found in the areas ranging from 300–600 m a.s.l.

 Quoc Toan Phan. 2018. On the Genus Indocnemis Laidlaw, 1917 in Vietnam with Description of Indocnemis marijanmatoki sp. n. (Odonata, Zygoptera, Platycnemididae). ZooKeys. 809: 15-29. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.809.29058

[Entomology • 2018] Systematics of the Parasitoid Wasp Genus Aulacus Jurine (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea: Aulacidae) from Australia

December 27, 2018, 12:19 am

≫ Next: [Botany • 2018] Commelina rupestris (Commelinaceae) • A New Species of Commelina from India

≪ Previous: [Entomology • 2018] Indocnemis marijanmatoki • A New Species (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platycnemididae) from central Vietnam [On the Genus Indocnemis Laidlaw, 1917 in Vietnam]

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Aulacus bicolor Jennings & Austin in Jennings, Parslow & Austin, 2018.    DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4538.1.1

Abstract

The Aulacidae is a small family of Hymenoptera that are parasitic on wood-boring beetles and wasps. They have a worldwide distribution but are generally poorly studied, particularly for the southern hemisphere. This study is part of a series that aims to describe the Australian fauna which is relatively species-rich compared with other regions. We describe 39 new Aulacus species from eastern mainland Australia and Tasmania: A. anici Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. aquilus Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. bamagensis Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. bashfordi Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. bicolor Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. boonanghiensis Jennings & Parslow, sp. nov., A. brabyi Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. broadi Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. burnsi Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. confusus Jennings & Parslow, sp. nov., A. dandenongensis Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. deansi Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. doddi Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. froggatti Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. glorious Jennings & Parslow, sp. nov., A. hackeri Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. insularis Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. jamberoo Jennings & Parslow, sp. nov., A. kittelae Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. kiwarrakensis Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. leai Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. mareebaensis Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. naumanni Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. nebo Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. neboissi Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. obcordellus Jennings & Parslow, sp. nov., A. pallidus Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. quickei Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. rieki Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. scitulus Jennings & Parslow, sp. nov., A. simsoni Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. smithi Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. tasmanicus Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. tiernyi Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. umbackae Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. walkeri Jennings & Parslow, sp. nov., A. warraensis Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., A. willamsi Jennings & Austin, sp. nov., and A. wrightae Jennings & Austin, sp. nov. We also redescribe 14 species: A. albimanus (Kieffer), A. aroueti (Girault), A. atriceps Kieffer, A. elegans (Kieffer), A. festivus (Kieffer), A. flavicornis (Kieffer), A. flavimanus (Kieffer), A. fuscicornis Cameron, A. longiventris (Kieffer), A. minutus Crosskey, A. pallidicaudis (Cameron), A. planiceps (Szépligeti), A. truncatus (Kieffer), and A. vespiformis (Kieffer). As well, A. nigriventris (Kieffer) is synonymised with A. albimanus (Kieffer) syn nov. This brings to 60 the total number of species known from Australia (71 for the Australian region), although one species, A. biroi (Szépligeti), remains incertae sedis. A key to Australian Aulacus species is presented, along with notes on taxonomic history and host relationships.

Keywords: Hymenoptera, taxonomy, parasitic wasps, new species

John T. Jennings, Ben A. Parslow and Andrew D. Austin. 2018. Systematics of the Parasitoid Wasp Genus Aulacus Jurine (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea: Aulacidae) from Australia. Zootaxa.  4538(1); 1-113.  DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4538.1.1

[Botany • 2018] Commelina rupestris (Commelinaceae) • A New Species of Commelina from India

December 27, 2018, 12:50 am

≫ Next: [Herpetology • 2018] The Advertisement Call of the Treefrog Nyctimantis rugiceps Boulenger, 1882 (Anura: Hylidae), with Notes on Its Natural History and Toxicity

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Commelina rupestris Nandikar & Gurav in Nandikar & Gurav, 2018.   DOI: 10.1080/00837792.2018.1540743  Photos: M. Nandikar.   facebook.com/NGCPR

ABSTRACT

The present article describes and illustrates a new species of Commelina from dryland hillocks of Karnataka, India. The new speciesCommelina rupestris shares morphological similarities with C. badamica, C. hirsuta and C. attenuata, but differs in its perennial habit, knotted rhizomatous, definite base, broadly elongate, thickened tuberous roots, characteristically ligulate, linear to lanceolate leaves, minutely fused spathes, one- to two-seeded bilocular capsules, and stramineous to light brown, rostrate seeds.

KEYWORDS:Commelineae, new species, ligulate leaves, India

Figure 1.  Commelina rupestris. (A) Habit. (B) Flowering branches. (C) Male flower. (D) Bisexual flower. (E) Ligule. (F) Opened spathe with flowering cincinni and capsule. (G, H) Dorsal and ventral surfaces of seed.  Photos: Mayur Nandikar.

Commelina rupestris Nandikar & Gurav, sp. nov. 

Etymology: As the species preferentially grows in rock crevices, the epithet ‘rupestris’ denotes its rocky habitat.

Mayur D. Nandikar and Rajaram V. Gurav. 2018. A New Species of Commelina (Commelinaceae) from India. Webbia: Journal of Plant Taxonomy and Geography. 73(2); 233-237. DOI: 10.1080/00837792.2018.1540743  

 facebook.com/NGCPR/photos/1942430712471542

[Herpetology • 2018] The Advertisement Call of the Treefrog Nyctimantis rugiceps Boulenger, 1882 (Anura: Hylidae), with Notes on Its Natural History and Toxicity

December 27, 2018, 5:49 am

≫ Next: [Invertebrate • 2018] New Genera, Species and Occurrence Records of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea; Echinodermata) from the Indian Ocean

≪ Previous: [Botany • 2018] Commelina rupestris (Commelinaceae) • A New Species of Commelina from India

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Nyctimantis rugiceps  Boulenger, 1882 in Camargo de Souza, Rivera-Correa, Padial & Castroviejo-Fisher, 2018.   DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4532.3.8

Nyctimantis rugiceps Boulenger, 1882 (Fig. 1A) is a Neotropical treefrog (Duellman & Trueb 1976; Faivovich et al. 2005) known only from disjunct localities in Amazonian Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru (Pérez-Villota et al. 2009). This species has the skin of the skull co-ossified and reproduces—including calling behavior, egg deposition and tadpole development—in water-filled tree or bamboo cavities (Duellman & Trueb 1976; Duellman 1978). Given its secretive behavior, this is a poorly known species and, as noted by Duellman (1978: 169), “the major clue to the life history of Nyctimantis is the calling behavior of the males”. Unfortunately, the only quantitative description of the advertisement call of N. rugiceps is a brief passage in Duellman (1978) based on four specimens from Santa Cecilia, Ecuador, where important variables are missing (e.g., call duration). More importantly, graphs illustrating the waveform and spectrogram are missing. Considering these limitations and the importance of advertisement calls to the study of anurans (Köhler et al. 2017), we provide a quantitative description using a call recording obtained in Leticia, Amazonas, Colombia.

Camila Camargo de Souza, Mauricio Rivera-Correa, Jose M. Padial and Santiago Castroviejo-Fisher. 2018. The Advertisement Call of the Treefrog Nyctimantis rugiceps Boulenger, 1882 (Anura: Hylidae), with Notes on Its Natural History and Toxicity.  Zootaxa. 4532(3); 441–443. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4532.3.8

 ResearchGate.net/publication/329814043_The_advertisement_call_of_the_treefrog_Nyctimantis_rugiceps_with_notes_on_its_natural_history_and_toxicity

[Invertebrate • 2018] New Genera, Species and Occurrence Records of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea; Echinodermata) from the Indian Ocean

December 27, 2018, 6:00 am

≫ Next: [Entomology • 2018] Revision of the Bee Group Anthophora (Micranthophora) (Hymenoptera: Apidae), with Notes on Potential Conservation Concerns and A Molecular Phylogeny of the Genus

≪ Previous: [Herpetology • 2018] The Advertisement Call of the Treefrog Nyctimantis rugiceps Boulenger, 1882 (Anura: Hylidae), with Notes on Its Natural History and Toxicity

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Astroceramus kintana Mah, 2018  DOI:  10.11646/zootaxa.4539.1.1

Abstract

Modern goniasterids are the most numerous of living asteroids in terms of described genera and species and they have important ecological roles from shallow to deep-water marine habitats. Recent MNHN expeditions and historical collections in the USNM have resulted in the discovery of 18 new species, three new genera and multiple new occurrence records from the western Indian Ocean region including Madagascar, Glorioso and Mayotte islands, Walters Shoal, South Africa, and Somalia. This report provides the first significant contribution to knowledge of deep-sea Asteroidea from the Indian Ocean since the late 20th Century. Several deep-sea species, previously known from the North Pacific are now reported from the western Indian Ocean. Gut contents from Stellaster and Ogmaster indicate deposit feeding. Feeding modes of this and other deep-sea species are discussed. Comments are made on fossil members of included taxa. A checklist of Indian Ocean Goniasteridae is also included.

Keywords: Echinodermata, Deep-sea, Indian Ocean, Valvatida, Oreasteridae, Goniasteridae, Asteroidea, feeding, diversity

Christopher L. Mah. 2018. New Genera, Species and Occurrence Records of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea; Echinodermata) from the Indian Ocean. Zootaxa.  4539(1); 1–116. DOI:  10.11646/zootaxa.4539.1.1

[Entomology • 2018] Revision of the Bee Group Anthophora (Micranthophora) (Hymenoptera: Apidae), with Notes on Potential Conservation Concerns and A Molecular Phylogeny of the Genus

December 27, 2018, 6:07 am

≫ Next: [Botany • 2018] On the Occurrence of Crotalaria uncinella subsp. elliptica (Fabaceae) in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India

≪ Previous: [Invertebrate • 2018] New Genera, Species and Occurrence Records of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea; Echinodermata) from the Indian Ocean

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Anthophora hololeuca Cockerell, 1923 in Orr, Pitts & Griswold, 2018.   DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4511.1.1

Abstract

Anthophora (Micranthophora) comprises the largest subgenus of Anthophora in the Western Hemisphere, with 26 species. Though previously synonymized with the Anthophora (Heliophila), Anthophora (Micranthophora) is here confirmed as a subgenus, morphological and multi-gene molecular phylogenetic evidence refute this and the synonymy of A. (Micranthophora) to A. (Heliophila) is formally rejected. Characters for (Micranthophora) are given and a key to species is provided. Seven new species are described: Anthophora (Micranthophora) caudataOrr, sp. nov.; Anthophora (Micranthophora) chihuahua Orr, sp. nov.; Anthophora (Micranthophora) escalanteOrr, sp. nov.; Anthophora (Micranthophora) parkeri Orr, sp. nov.; Anthophora (Micranthophora) raraOrr, sp. nov.; Anthophora (Micranthophora) striataOrr, sp. nov.; and Anthophora (Micranthophora) timberlakeiOrr, sp. nov. Further, four new synonyms are enacted: A. arthuri and A. flexipes to A. albata, A. nigritula to A. exigua, and A. xanthochlora to A. pachyodonta. Distributional and phenological data, as well as known details of nesting biology and floral specialization, are provided. Future research directions and species of potential conservation interest are also discussed. 

Keywords: Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Anthophorini, Heliophila, systematics, taxonomy, new species

Michael C. Orr, James P. Pitts and Terry Griswold. 2018. Revision of the Bee Group Anthophora (Micranthophora) (Hymenoptera: Apidae), with Notes on Potential Conservation Concerns and A Molecular Phylogeny of the Genus. Zootaxa. 4511(1); 1–193. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4511.1.1

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[Botany • 2018] On the Occurrence of Crotalaria uncinella subsp. elliptica (Fabaceae) in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India

December 27, 2018, 6:18 am

≫ Next: [Herpetology • 2018] Microhyla beilunensis • A New Species of Genus Microhyla (Anura: Microhylidae) from Zhejiang Province, China

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Crotalaria uncinella subsp. elliptica in Nandikar, Kishor & Malpure, 2018.  DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.379.1.7  facebook.com/NGCPR

Abstract

We present a first wild record of Crotalaria uncinella subsp. elliptica (Fabaceae) from Saddle Peak National Park, North Andaman, India with its comprehensive morphological description, illustration, photographs and lectotypification.

Keywords: Crotalarieae, subspecies, Roxburgh, India, new addition, Eudicots

Mayur D. Nandikar, K. C. Kishor and Nilesh V. Malpure. 2018. On the Occurrence of Crotalaria uncinella subsp. elliptica (Fabaceae) in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Phytotaxa. 379(1); 73–77. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.379.1.7

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[Herpetology • 2018] Microhyla beilunensis • A New Species of Genus Microhyla (Anura: Microhylidae) from Zhejiang Province, China

December 27, 2018, 7:00 am

≫ Next: [Botany • 2017] Habenaria janellehayneiana (Orchidaceae) • A New Species from northern Thailand

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Microhyla beilunensis  Zhang, Fei, Ye, Wang, Wang & Jiang, 2018  DOI: 10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.180032

Abstract 

We described a new species, Microhyla beilunensis sp. nov., from Zhejiang Province of China. Phylogenetic analyses based on the mitochondrial 12S, 16S and CO1 gene sequences suggested that the new taxon was distinctly separated from its congeners and closed to M. mixtura and M. okinavensis. Morphologically, the new species could be identified from its congeners except M. mixtura by several characters: (1) rudimentary webs on toe base; (2) absence of disks and dorsal median longitudinal grooves on finger tips; (3) presence of disks and dorsal median longitudinal grooves on toe tips. As well, the new species could be identified from topotype M. mixtura by the combination of characters: (1) apart from the stripes, bar-shaped and oval-shaped patterns, the rounded spots present on the dorsum of body and legs; (2) the outer metacarpal tubercles prominently larger than the inner one; (3) of males, the ratios of HW, IND, UEW and LAW to SVL of the new species were significantly larger than those of M. mixtura (P < 0.01), and the ratios of SL, IOD, LAHL, HLL, TL, TFL and FL to SVL of the new species were significantly less than those of M. mixtura (P < 0.05).

Keywords: Microhyla; morphological comparison; new species; phylogenetic analysis; taxonomy; Zhejiang

Figure 6: Variation in Microhyla beilunensis sp. nov. from Chaiqiao Town, Beilun District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, China.  A and B, dorsal and ventral views of the holotype in life, respectively; C and D, dorsal and ventral views of the allotype in life, respectively; E, mating couples; F, breeding site.

Microhyla beilunensis sp. nov.

 Microhyla mixtura: Fei, Ye, Xie and Cai. 1999. 

Chin Zool Res, Beijing (Beilun, Zhejiang): 239−240.

Etymology: This specific name beilunensis is a Latinize toponymic adjective that refers to Beilun District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province of China, where the new species was collected. For the common name, we suggest Beilun Pygmy frog (English) and Bei lun ji wa (Chinese).

Diagnosis: The new species is allocated to the genus Microhyla, because it is consistent with the generic diagnostic characters: relatively small body size; maxillary and vomerine teeth absent; vomer divided into two parts and disappearing at the posterior edge of the choana; tongue posteriorly rounded; skin smooth or with tubercles; tympanum hidden or indistinct; 1−2 row of horizontal skin ridges on the palate; fingers without webbing; toes webbed or free of webbing; 2 or 3 metacarpal tubercles; the absence of supernumerary tubercles below the base of fingers and toes; the absence of skin ridge or skin projection between the subarticular tubercles of toes III and IV (Parker, 1934; Fei et al., 2005, 2009).

Distribution and habits:Microhyla beilunensis sp. nov. is now known only from the type locality, Beilun District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province of China. This species lives in the water pits or ponds about 3 m diameter or adjacent grass thickets, subterranean holes and mud pits in the mountainous regions at elevation 1400 m a.s.l. The male frogs make vibrating calls on the last 10 days of March. Small tadpoles seen in the early April would dive to the bottom when disturbed. On the 9th April 1998, four gravid females, egg groups, and small tadpoles were found. Mating of females and males took place in the pond of imitated natural eco-breeding in Chengdu (Fei et al., 1999). Small tadpoles were found in the last 10 days April. It took 60 days for the fertilized eggs to finish metamorphosis. Newly metamorphic frogs were 8−10 mm. Sympatric species of amphibians in the Beilun District during the surveys includes Hynobius yiwuensis, Echinotriton chinhaiensis, Bufo gargarizans, Rana zhenhaiensis, Pelophylax nigromaculatus, Sylvirana latouchii, Fejervarya multistriata.

Meihua Zhang, Liang Fei, Changyuan Ye, Yufan Wang, Bin Wang and Jianping Jiang. 2018. A New Species of Genus Microhyla (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae) from Zhejiang Province, China. Asian Herpetological Research. 9(3); 135-148. DOI: 10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.180032

[Botany • 2017] Habenaria janellehayneiana (Orchidaceae) • A New Species from northern Thailand

December 27, 2018, 7:03 am

≫ Next: [Botany • 2018] Tacca khanhhoaensis (Taccaceae) • A New Species from southern Vietnam

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Habenaria janellehayneiana Choltco, Moloney, & Yong Gee  orchideen-journal.de   facebook.com/AssociazioneItalianaOrchidologia

Abstract 

A new species, Habenaria janellehayneiana Choltco, Moloney, & Yong Gee is described. It is native to Phitsanulok, northern Thailand. It is characterized by possessing stigmas that are parallel basally, with apices convergent, the tips touching, or nearly touching. A character that is absent in the remaining members of the Habenaria “rhodocheila complex”. A key is provided differentiating it from both Habenaria erichmichelii, and Habenaria rhodocheila.

 orchideen-journal.de/permalink/OrchideenJournal_Vol5_4.pdf

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[Botany • 2018] Tacca khanhhoaensis (Taccaceae) • A New Species from southern Vietnam

January 1, 2019, 6:59 am

≫ Next: [Herpetology • 2018] Scinax caprarius • A New Frog with Green Bones of the Genus Scinax (Anura: Hylidae), associated with the sub-Andean Forests of the Magdalena River Basin, Colombia

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Tacca khanhhoaensis V.S. Dang & Vuong in Dang, Truong, Nguyen & Hoang, 2018. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.114.29367

Abstract

Tacca khanhhoaensis V.S. Dang & Vuong (Taccaceae) is described as a new species from Hon Ba Nature Reserve in southern Vietnam. This species is morphologically similar to T. chantrieri and T. ampliplacenta but differs from its allies by several salient characters: size of leaves and petioles, inflorescent much shorter leaves, number of flowers, stigma lobes, buds colour. A description, conservation assessment, together with photographs and a key to the species of Tacca in Vietnam are presented.

Keywords: Hon Ba Nature Reserve, Khanh Hoa, Taccaceae, Taxonomy, Vietnam

   

Tacca khanhhoaensis V.S. Dang & Vuong Figure 2. A Habit B Inflorescent much shorter leaves C Habitat.  Figure 3. A Inflorescence B Fruits C Flowers, top view showing perianth lobes, stamens and stigma D Outer perianth lobes E Inner perianth lobes F Inner surface of perianth tube G Anther and connective H Longitudinal section of Anther with a pair of theca I Outer involucral bracts J Inner involucral bracts K Stigmas L Finely pubescent hairs at apex of stigma lobes M Black hairs on style N Longitudinal section of flower O Transverse section of fruit P Transverse section of ovary Q Seeds.

Tacca khanhhoaensis V.S. Dang & Vuong, sp. nov.

Diagnosis: Tacca khanhhoaensis is similar to Tacca chantrieri André in leaf shape and bracts, but differs from it in having shorter leaves (up to 45 cm vs. 60 cm long) and petioles (up to 22 cm vs. 43 cm long), inflorescences with fewer flowers (5 to 10 vs. 15 to 25), 2-lobed stigma vs. 3-lobed stigma and dark red buds vs. green buds. The new species is also somewhat similar to T. ampliplacenta L. Zhang & Q.-J. Li of China, but differs from it by having smaller leaves (30–45 × 10–14 cm vs. 55 cm long) and fruits (3–4 × 1.5–2 cm vs. 4–6 × 2–2.5 cm) and very short petioles (22 cm vs. 50 cm long), inflorescent much shorter leaves (vs. longer), number of flowers (5 to 10 vs. 25) and dark red buds vs. black-purple.

Distribution and habitat: Tacca khanhhoaensis is only known from Hon Ba Nature Reserve, Khanh Hoa Province, southern Vietnam. It was growing under the shade of the canopy on dry soil or close to the stream, where Aporosa tetragona Tagane & V.S. Dang, Bambusa sp., Barringtonia macrostachya (Jack) Kurz, Calamus sp., Croton sp., Desmos sp., Goniothalamus flagellistylus Tagane & V.S. Dang, Ixora sp., Microcos tomentosa Sm., Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir. and Streblus indicus (Bureau) Corner are dominant.

Etymology: The name of this species is derived from the name of the province Khanh Hoa, where the species was discovered.

Van Son Dang, Ba Vuong Truong, Thi Phuong Thao Nguyen and Nghia Son Hoang. 2018. Tacca khanhhoaensis V.S. Dang & Vuong (Taccaceae), A New Species from southern Vietnam. PhytoKeys.  114: 115-122.  DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.114.29367

   

[Herpetology • 2018] Scinax caprarius • A New Frog with Green Bones of the Genus Scinax (Anura: Hylidae), associated with the sub-Andean Forests of the Magdalena River Basin, Colombia

January 1, 2019, 7:18 am

≫ Next: [Arachnida • 2018] Tenuipalpus protium & T. kitajimai • Two New Species of Tenuipalpus sensu stricto (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) from Brazil, with A Discussion on the Ontogeny of Leg Setae

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Scinax caprarius Acosta-Galvis, 2018   DOI: 10.21068/c2018.v19s1a11   humboldt.org.co

Abstract 

As a result of the exploration of post-conflict areas in the Colombia BIO project, a new species of green bones frog of the genus Scinax, assignable to the clade Scinax ruber, is described. The species is endemic to the peripheral sub-Andean forests of the middle Magdalena valley in Colombia. This biological entity was previously identified in the scientific literature as Scinax “A”. The new species is recognizable by its average size 28.6-31.1 mm, chromatic pattern and its particular mating call that is similar to the sound of a goat bleating; each vocalization has a duration of 0.21-0.47 s, with a dominant frequency between 2184-3218 Hz.; its larval characteristics were evaluated, which altogether made it possible to clearly differentiate it from other species in the genus in the trans-Andean region of Colombia. With the description of this species, 18 frogs of the genus Scinax are currently recognized in the Colombian territory.

 Keywords. Amphibia. Bioacustics. Tadpoles. Scinaxinae. Taxonomy. 

Scinax caprarius sp. nov. 

Resumen: Como resultado de la exploración de áreas en postconflicto enmarcada en el proyecto Colombia BIO, se realizó la descripción de una nueva especie de Scinax con huesos verdes, asignable al clado de S. ruber. Esta nueva especie es endémica de los bosques subandinos periféricos del valle medio del río Magdalena en Colombia. Esta entidad biológica fue previamente identificada en la literatura científica como Scinax “A” y se caracteriza por su tamaño mediano (28,6-31,1 mm), su patrón cromático y su vocalización, similar al balido de una cabra, con una duración de 0,21-0,47 s, y frecuencia dominante entre 2184-3218 Hz. Sus características larvales en conjunto, permiten diferenciarla claramente de otras especies del género en la región transinterandina de Colombia. Con esta, ascienden a 18 las especies de Scinax documentadas en el territorio colombiano. 

Palabras clave: Amphibia. Bioacústica. Renacuajos. Scinaxinae. Taxonomía. 

Andrés R. Acosta-Galvis. 2018. Una nueva rana de huesos verdes del género Scinax (Anura: Hylidae) asociada a los bosques subandinos de la cuenca del río Magdalena, Colombia [A New Frog with Green Bones of the Genus Scinax (Anura: Hylidae), associated with the sub-Andean Forests of the Magdalena River Basin, Colombia] . Biota Colombiana. 19 (Suppl. 1); 131–159. DOI: 10.21068/c2018.v19s1a11 

 humboldt.org.co/es/boletines-y-comunicados/item/1238-rana-canto-similar-cabra-nueva-especie-exclusiva-colombia

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[Arachnida • 2018] Tenuipalpus protium & T. kitajimai • Two New Species of Tenuipalpus sensu stricto (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) from Brazil, with A Discussion on the Ontogeny of Leg Setae

December 30, 2018, 11:58 pm

≫ Next: [Arachnida • 2018] Philippinozercon makilingensis • A New Genus of Heterozerconidae (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata), with Description of All Active Instars

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Tenuipalpus protium  Castro, Beard, Ochoa, Bauchan & Feres, 2018 DOI:  10.11646/zootaxa.4540.1.12

Abstract

The Amazon and the Cerrado are the two largest biomes in Brazil, and combined represent nearly 70% of the natural vegetation in the country. Recent surveys of the mite fauna present in these two biomes have revealed a great number of new species. In this paper, we describe the adult females, deutonymphs, protonymphs, larvae and eggs of two new species of Tenuipalpidae (Trombidiformes: Tetranychoidea), Tenuipalpus protium sp. nov., collected on Protium heptaphyllum (Burseraceae), and Tenuipalpus kitajimai sp. nov., collected on an unidentified plant of the family Sapindaceae, from the Cerrado and the Amazon Rainforest, respectively. Females of these two new species bear two distinct cuticular crests on the dorsal opisthosoma, one transverse crest anteriorly and one longitudinal crest mesally. The ontogenetic changes in the idiosomal and leg chaetotaxy of all stages are presented for both species. Adult males are not known for either species.

Keywords: Acari, flat mites, crest, body projections, taxonomy, biodiversity, Amazon Rainforest, Cerrado, LT-SEM

Elizeu B. Castro, Jennifer J. Beard, Ronald Ochoa, Gary R. Bauchan and Reinaldo J.F. Feres. 2018. Two New Species of Tenuipalpus sensu stricto (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) from Brazil, with A Discussion on the Ontogeny of Leg Setae. Zootaxa. 4540(1); 178–210. DOI:  10.11646/zootaxa.4540.1.12

[Arachnida • 2018] Philippinozercon makilingensis • A New Genus of Heterozerconidae (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata), with Description of All Active Instars

December 31, 2018, 12:26 am

≫ Next: [Entomology • 2018] Holopothrips Diversity — A Neotropical Genus of Gall-inducing Insects (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae)

≪ Previous: [Arachnida • 2018] Tenuipalpus protium & T. kitajimai • Two New Species of Tenuipalpus sensu stricto (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) from Brazil, with A Discussion on the Ontogeny of Leg Setae

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Philippinozercon makilingensis  Gerdeman, Garcia, Herczak & Klompen, 2018 DOI:  10.11646/zootaxa.4540.1.4

Abstract

The generic classification of millipede associated Heterozerconidae in the Oriental region is revised. The genus Allozercon Vitzthum is re-diagnosed and Asioheterozercon Fain is designated as an subjective junior synonym of Allozercon.Philippinozercon gen. nov., with the type species P. makilingensis sp. nov., is described for all instars. This genus may be endemic for the Philippines, but is quite widespread in that country. All immature instars are described, making this the second species of Heterozerconidae known for all instars. The morphology of the immatures is compared with that of immatures of the temperate species Narceoheterozercon ohioensis and unnamed species from Brazil and Thailand. All immatures were collected from millipede frass and litter, never from millipedes. Adults are associated with millipedes in the family Trigoniulidae (Spirobolida).

Keywords: Acari, heteromorphic development, Diplopoda, Oriental region, classification

FIGURE 1.  Philippinozercon makilingensis sp. nov., chelicera. A, Deutonymph (OSAL 0053228); B, Female (OSAL 0053222); C, Male (OSAL 0053267). Scale bar = 50 µm.

FIGURE 2.   Philippinozercon makilingensis sp. nov., chelicera male, confocal microscopy, maximum intensity projection.

Philippinozercon Gerdeman, Garcia, Herczak & Klompen gen. nov. 

  Philippinozercon makilingensis Gerdeman, Garcia, Herczak & Klompen sp. nov.

Diagnosis (based on adults). With the following combination of characters: adults with only three setae on the palp genu (unique); lacking series of spine-like setae latero-ventrally on the idiosoma; metapodal shields with acute postero-lateral angles (unique); setae Jv5 inserted posterior to the fusion line of the ventral and anal shields; with one pair of greatly elongated setae inserted on the postero-marginal shield. Female with a strip-like sclerite between the geniti-ventral and the endopodal-sternal shield remnants; sternal setae st3 inserted on soft cuticle. Male with sternal setae st3 on endopodal-sternal shield remnants (unique); seta pl1 on femora II hook-like and spinose.

....

Etymology. The name is derived from the location where the specimen was collected. Philippinozercon refers to the country, the Republic of the Philippines, and makilingensis refers to Mount Makiling, the dormant volcano located on the southern border between Laguna and Batangas provinces on the island of Luzon. 

Beverly S. Gerdeman, Rufino C. Garcia, Andrew Herczak and Hans Klompen. 2018. Philippinozercon, A New Genus of Heterozerconidae (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata), with Description of All Active Instars. Zootaxa. 4540(1); 7–22.  DOI:  10.11646/zootaxa.4540.1.4

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[Entomology • 2018] Holopothrips Diversity — A Neotropical Genus of Gall-inducing Insects (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae)

December 31, 2018, 12:45 am

≫ Next: [Ichthyology • 2018] Channa royi • A New Species of Snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from Andaman Islands, India

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Holopothrips sp. in Lindner, Ferrari, Mound & Cavalleri. 2018.   DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4494.1.1

Abstract

The genus Holopothrips represents the main Neotropical group of thrips associated with plant galls, and several of the 36 currently described species are known to induce or invade galls of other organisms. The existence of several Holopothrips specimens in collections that do not belong to any of the already described species, allied to the absence of basic biological information for several species, such as host plants and habit, shows that the current knowledge on the genus is severely lacking. Here we start addressing these problems, by describing 24 new species: H. acrioris, H. atlanticus, H. bicolor, H. brevicapitatum, H. cardosoi, H. curiosus, H. flavisetis, H. graziae, H. inconspicuus, H. infestans, H. irregularis, H. johanseni, H. kaminskii, H. longihamus, H. longisetus, H. magnus, H. maiae, H. nigrisetis, H. nigrum, H. punctatus, H. reticulatus, H. singularis, H. spermathecus, H. varicolor. This study also includes information on galls for several species; an updated and illustrated key to species; and comments on the morphological diversity of the group. With that, we hope to lay the taxonomic and morphological bases for future studies in this group, focusing on its diversity, ecology and phylogenetic relationships.

Keywords: Thysanoptera, Galling thrips, Morphology, Neotropics, New species, Taxonomy

Mariana F. Lindner, Augusto Ferrari, Laurence A. Mound and Adriano Cavalleri. 2018. Holopothrips Diversity — A Neotropical Genus of Gall-inducing Insects (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae). Zootaxa.   4494(1); 1-99.  DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4494.1.1

[Ichthyology • 2018] Channa royi • A New Species of Snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from Andaman Islands, India

January 1, 2019, 10:56 pm

≫ Next: [Crustacea • 2018] Indochinamon khinpyae • A New Species of Freshwater Crab (Brachyura, Potamidae) from northern Myanmar

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Channa royi  Praveenraj & Knight in Praveenraj, Knight, Kiruba-Sankar, et al., 2018.  Andaman Emerald Snakehead  ||  DOI: 10.21077/ijf.2018.65.4.72827-01   facebook.com/PraveenRaj39750121

ABSTRACT

 A new species of snakehead fish Channa royi sp. nov., has been described based on 21 specimens collected from the South, Middle and North Andaman Islands, India. It is distinguished from all its congeners by a greenish-grey dorsum, pale brown to black pectoral fin with 2-3 inconspicuous semicircular bands, a series of 7-9 obliquely-arranged, saddle-like, dark olive to grey oblique streaks on green background on upper half of the body, 42-45 pored lateral-line scales, 12-13 branched caudal rays, 6-7 pre-dorsal scales, 43 vertebrae, two rows of teeth on the lower jaw, an outer row of numerous minute slender, pointed teeth and single inner row of large uniform sized teeth without any large canine like teeth on the anterior fourth of the lower jaw. Phylogenetically C. royi sp. nov. is closely related to C. harcourtbutleri, with a genetic distance (K2-P) of 2.4-2.8%, but morphologically differs in having greater inter-orbital width, fewer pelvic-fin rays (5 vs. 5-7, mode 6); fewer caudal-fin rays (ii- i, 10-12, i-ii vs. ii, 15, ii); more pre-dorsal scales (6-7 vs. 4) and fewer mid row lateral-line scales (9-13 vs. 15-16). Though Channa royi sp. nov. is a part of C. gachua species-group, it differs from the topotypic C. gachua from Bengal with higher pair-wise sequence distance of 19.5-20.9%.

Keywords: Andaman Islands, Channa gachua, Channa limbata, Channa royi sp. nov., Channidae, Snakeheads

Channa royi sp. nov. (a) Adult, 190.5 mm SL, showing black pectoral fin, uncatalogued,  (b) Adult, 165.1 mm, showing pale grey pectoral fin, uncatalogued. (both maintained in aquarium) (Photos: J. Praveenraj)

Channa royi sp. nov. (a). holotype prior to preservation (ZSI/ANRC-12467),  (b). Juvenile specimen, uncatalogued, 44.6 mm SL.  (Photos:  J. D. M. Knight)

Channa royi, sp. nov. Praveenraj & Knight

Common name: Andaman Emerald Snakehead 

Diagnosis: Channa royi sp. nov. is distinguished from all other species of the genus Channa belonging to the Channa gachua species-group by a combination of following characters: unique greenish-grey dorsum; upper half of body with a series of 7-9 obliquely-arranged, saddle-like, dark olive to grey oblique streaks on green background; throat with marbled pattern; 34-38 dorsal-fin rays; 22-25 anal-fin rays; 42-45 pored scales on body; 1-3 scales on caudal fin base; 3½ scales above lateral line and 6½ scales below lateral line; 6-7 pre-dorsal scales; 43 vertebrae; two rows of teeth on the lower jaw, single outer row of numerous minute slender pointed teeth and single inner row of enlarged uniform teeth without any large canine like teeth on anterior-fourth of the lower jaw; two rows of teeth on palatine; outer row with numerous minute sharp slender teeth and inner row with 4 to 6 large canine like teeth and pectoral fins pale brown to black in adults with 2-3 pale grey to black inconspicuous semicircular bands.

....

Etymology: The species is named after Dr. S. Dam Roy, in appreciation for his immense encouragement and support for the exploration of the freshwater fishes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The species name is formed as a noun in the masculine genitive singular. The common name ‘Andaman emerald snakehead’ is given considering its unique greenish dorsum. 

Distribution: Channa royi sp. nov. is currently known only from South, Middle and North Andaman Islands, India and is abundant in ditches, ponds and hill streams of the sampled locations. The holotype was collected from clear, slow flowing water with cobble substrate without much aquatic vegetation.

J. Praveenraj, J. D. M. Knight, R. Kiruba-Sankar, Beni Halalludin, J. J. A. Raymond and V. R. Thakur. 2018. Channa royi (Teleostei: Channidae): A New Species of Snakehead from Andaman Islands, India. Indian J. Fish. 65(4); 1-14.  DOI: 10.21077/ijf.2018.65.4.72827-01  

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[Crustacea • 2018] Indochinamon khinpyae • A New Species of Freshwater Crab (Brachyura, Potamidae) from northern Myanmar

January 1, 2019, 11:35 pm

≫ Next: [Fungi • 2019] Enterographa assamica (Roccellaceae sensu lato) • A New Species from North-East India

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Indochinamon khinpyae   Ng & Mar, 2018  DOI:  10.3897/zookeys.811.29187

Abstract

A new species of freshwater crab of the genus Indochinamon Yeo & Ng, 2007 (family Potamidae), is described from highlands north of Myitkyina in Kachin State, Myanmar. Indochinamon khinpyae sp. n. is distinguished from congeners by its very rugose carapace, broad male pleon and distinctively structured male first gonopod; and is the first potamid species recorded from northern Myanmar.

Keywords: Taxonomy, freshwater crab, Burma, Potaminae, Indochinamon, new species, description

Figure 1.  Indochinamon khinpyae sp. n., colour in life, holotype male (57.1×43.2 mm) (ZRC 2018.0713). A dorsal view B ventral view of cephalothorax.

Figure 2.  Indochinamon khinpyae sp. n. A, D, F holotype male (57.1×43.2 mm) (ZRC 2018.0713) B, E paratype male (47.2×36.4 mm) (ZRC 2018.0714) C, G paratype male (34.3×26.6 mm) (ZRC 2018.0714). A–C overall habitus D, E frontal view of cephalothorax F, G dorsal view of carapace.

Systematics

Family Potamidae Ortmann, 1896 sensu Yeo and Ng (2004)

Genus Indochinamon Yeo & Ng, 2007

Type species: Potamon villosum Yeo & Ng, 1998, 

by original designation.

Indochinamon khinpyae sp. n.

Diagnosis: Carapace with dorsal surface prominently rugose in large specimens (ca. 45 mm carapace width), frontal and orbital regions prominently rugose, lateral parts of anterolateral and branchial regions with strong oblique striae; mesogastric, urogastric, cardiac and intestinal regions with distinct rugosities and distinct granules (Fig. 2A, D, F); postorbital cristae distinct, margin uneven, outer edge relatively low, not well marked (Fig. 2A, D, F); external orbital tooth distinct, separated from anterolateral margin by deep V-shaped cleft; epibranchial tooth prominent (Fig. 2A, F); anterolateral margin lined with sharp granules, appears serrated (Fig. 2A, F); posterior margin of epistome with distinct median triangle (Fig. 2D); outer surface of chela strongly rugose, upper part rugose with granules (Fig. 3H, I); male thoracic sternum, notably sternites 3 and 4, relatively broad, surface with pits and scattered short, stiff setae (Fig. 3A); male pleon triangular; telson triangular, lateral margins gently sinuous; somite 6 transversely rectangular, much wider than long, lateral margin gently convex (Fig. 3A, B); G1 relatively stout; outer margin of subterminal segment with distinct broad cleft on distal part, terminal segment subcylindrical, gently curving outwards, no visible dorsal flap, distal part tapering to rounded tip (Fig. 4A–D).

Etymology: The species is named after Ms Khin Pyae Pyae Thaw Thar who collected the specimens used for this study. Her name is used here as a noun in apposition.

Colour: In life, the dorsal surfaces of the carapace and outer surfaces of the chelipeds are dark brown; with the ventral surfaces orangish-red; and the ambulatory legs are dark brown to orangish red (Fig. 1).

Habitat: The type locality, Malikha, is a fast-flowing river, the substrate consisting of rocks of various sizes, with the bank sandy. The banks are densely lined with tall trees. This river is a branch of the Ayeyarwady River (= Ayrwarwady River or Myitsone) and is about 43 km north of Myitkyina, the capital city of Kachin State.

 Peter K. L. Ng and Win Mar. 2018. On A New Species of Freshwater Crab, Indochinamon khinpyae, from northern Myanmar (Crustacea, Brachyura, Potamidae). ZooKeys. 811: 47-63. DOI:  10.3897/zookeys.811.29187

[Fungi • 2019] Enterographa assamica (Roccellaceae sensu lato) • A New Species from North-East India

January 2, 2019, 2:39 am

≫ Next: [Botany • 2018] Zamia paucifoliolata (Zamiaceae, Cycadales) • A New Species of Zamia from Valle del Cauca, Colombia

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Enterographa assamica  Pooja Gupta, S. Joseph & G.P. Sinha in Gupta, Joseph & Sinha, 2019.   DOI: 10.6165/tai.2019.64.1     facebook.com/TaiwaniaOffice

ABSTRACT

 A new species Enterographa assamica, in the family Roccellaceae sensu lato is described from Assam, India. It is characterized by whitish grey thallus, rounded to elongate ascomata with yellowish-white thalline margin and presence of lichexanthone and confluentic acid in the thallus. A key to all the known species of Enterographa in India is also provided.

 KEY WORDS:Arthoniales; Assam; India; Enterographa assamica; Lichenized Ascomycota; Roccellaceae s. l.; Taxonomy. 

Fig. 1. Enterographa assamica. A. Thallus with ascomata; B & C. Asci with ascospores.  Scale: A. 1 mm; B & C. 10 µm.

Enterographa assamica Pooja Gupta, S. Joseph & G.P. Sinha sp. nov. 

 Diagnosis:Thallus corticolous, epiperidermal; ascomata rounded to elongate; 0.25–0.55 mm diam., if rounded; 0.5–1(–1.2) × 0.2–0.5 mm, if lirelliform; asci clavate, 8˗spored, 60–80 × 15–19 μm; ascospores hyaline, acicular, transversely 7–11˗septate, slightly curved at the end, (39–)48–55(–60) × 2–3 μm; confluentic acid and lichexanthone present.  

Etymology: The specific epithet refers to the Indian state, Assam, where it was discovered.  

Pooja Gupta, Siljo Joseph and Gopal Prasad Sinha. 2019. Enterographa assamica, A New Species from North-East India. Taiwania. 64(1); 1-3. DOI: 10.6165/tai.2019.64.1   

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[Botany • 2018] Zamia paucifoliolata (Zamiaceae, Cycadales) • A New Species of Zamia from Valle del Cauca, Colombia

January 2, 2019, 3:09 am

≫ Next: [Botany • 2018] Bruguiera × dungarra (Rhizophoraceae) • A New Hybrid between Mangrove Species B. exaristata and B. gymnorhiza recently discovered in north-east Australia

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Zamia paucifoliolata Calonje in Calonje, López-Gallego &Castro. 2018.    DOI:  10.11646/phytotaxa.385.2.4

Abstract

Zamia paucifoliolata, a new cycad species from the Pacific lowlands of Valle del Cauca, Colombia, is described and illustrated. It is distinguished from other species of Zamia by having an underground stem typically bearing large solitary leaves with eighteen or fewer leaflets, villous strobilar axes, microsporangia borne on both the abaxial and adaxial side of microsporophylls, and seeds that are longer than 18 mm. It is compared to Z. pyrophylla, Z. cunaria, and Z. ipetiensis, species which it most closely resembles.

Keywords: Chocó biogeographic region, systematics, taxonomy, Gymnosperms

FIGURE 1. Vegetative characteristics of Zamia paucifoliolata.  A. Seedling with eophyll, top and side view. B. Center of petiole showing prickles. C. Adult plant with immature seed strobilus. D. New leaf flush. E. Cataphylls. F. Middle leaflet of adult plant.

FIGURE 2. Reproductive characteristics of Zamia paucifoliolata. A. Microsporophyll, adaxial side. B. Microsporophyll, abaxial side. C. Cross section of pollen strobilus, adaxial side. D. Closeup of pollen strobilus near pollen release stage. E. Pollen strobilus with peduncle near pollen release stage. F. Immature seed strobilus. G. Megasporophyll with immature seeds, adaxial side. H. Megasporophyll with immature seeds, abaxial side. I. Megasporophyll face, immature. J. Megasporophyll face, mature. K. Seed with ripe sarcotesta. L. Seed sclerotesta. A–I based on collection López-Gallego et al. 68–69 (HUA), J–K based on Castro et al. 1118–1119 (HUA), L based on Castro et al. 1289 (holotype HUA; isotypes COL, CUVC, FMB, JAUM, MEDEL, TOLI).

Zamia paucifoliolata Calonje sp. nov.

 Diagnosis:— Zamia paucifoliolata most closely resembles Z. pyrophylla from which it is distinguished by the light green leaf flushes, the leaflets that are broader and less numerous, the fewer and larger mature megasporophylls and seeds, and the lighter colored pollen strobili.

FIGURE 3.  Zamia paucifoliolata in its natural habitat at the type locality.  A. Middle leaflets collected from plants at different stages of development. B. Juvenile plant. C. Adult plant with seed strobilus, showing yellow clay soils in which the species grows. D. Adult plant in habitat with Jonatan Castro (left) and Michael Calonje (right). E. The largest leaf yet observed for this species, measuring 285 cm long and carrying 18 leaflets.

 Etymology:— The specific epithet refers to the small numbers of maximum leaflets produced by leaves of this species which are among the least numerous of any species of Zamia. Leaves on adult plants carry between 10 and 18 leaflets (n=135 leaves, mode=10, mean 11.6), and only a few species with broad, prominently-veined leaflets carry the same number or fewer leaflets. Namely, Z. wallisii Braun (1875: 376), with the broadest leaflets in the genus, has leaves with a maximum of 11 leaflets, Z. dressleri Stevenson (1993: 6) carries up to 14 leaflets, and Z. imperialis Taylor et al. (2008: 421) similarly carries a maximum of 18 leaflets. The small number of leaflets carried by leaves of Z.paucifoliolata readily distinguishes it from its putative relatives Z. cunaria, Z. ipetiensis, and Z. pyrophylla, all of which carry a maximum of 32 leaflets.

Ecology:— The known populations of the species appear to be viable, with a larger proportion of juveniles compared to adults, i.e. evidence of reproduction and regeneration. Plants are distributed in highly dense patches on the understory of the forest, on moderately steep slopes and near small streams. Little is known about leaf phenology, frequency or rate of strobilus production or germination time. Mature seed strobili with ripe seeds have been observed in February and May, whereas pollen strobili have only been observed in late August. Immature seed strobili have been observed in June, August, and September. There is no information yet about microrganisms associated to roots or species interactions involved in pollination or seed dispersal, but a good proportion of viable seeds has been observed in female strobili. The typical herbivores associated to Zamia species, Eumaeus Hübner (1819: 67), have not been observed yet either, but there were signs of herbivory by leaf miners. A permanent plot has been established in one of the populations to monitor population dynamics and other ecological aspects of the species.

   

   

 Michael Calonje, Cristina López-Gallego and Jonatan Castro. 2018. Zamia paucifoliolata, A New Species of Zamia (Zamiaceae, Cycadales) from Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Phytotaxa. 385(2); 85–93. DOI:  10.11646/phytotaxa.385.2.4

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Resumen: Se describe y se ilustra Zamia paucifoliolata, una nueva especie de cícada de las tierras bajas del Pacífico Colombiano del Valle del Cauca. Se distingue de otras especies de Zamia por su tallo subterráneo típicamente cargando hojas solitarias con 18 folíolos o menos, ejes estrobilares vellosos, presencia de microesporangios en el lado abaxial y adaxial de los microesporofilos, y semillas de mas de 18 mm de longitud. Se compara con Z. pyrophylla, Z. cunaria, y Z. ipetiensis, las especies a las que más se asemeja. 

Palabras clave: Chocó biogeográfico, sistemática, taxonomía