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Pseudopaludicola motorzinho
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Abstract
Two new species of Pseudopaludicola from midwestern Brazil are described. One of them, distributed in Bolivian and Brazilian areas within the Upper Paraguay and Upper Guaporé river basins, is characterized by the presence of a conspicuous conical tubercle on each heel, by T-shaped terminal phalanges, and so belongs to the formally recognized Pseudopaludicola pusilla group. The advertisement call is composed of a series of 14–720 notes with concatenated pulses—each lasting for 5–25 ms—and mean dominant frequency of 5071 ± 242 Hz. The second species, restricted to the southeastern-most region of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso, is characterized mainly by a 2n = 18 karyotype, an advertisement call composed of series of 12–287 notes with concatenated pulses and mean dominant frequency of 4167.7 ± 287.5 Hz. A detailed description of the karyotype of this latter species is also provided.
Keywords: Advertisement call, Amphibia, Cytogenetics, Swamp frogs, Taxonomy
Pseudopaludicola motorzinho sp. nov.
Pseudopaludicola boliviana (nec Parker 1927); Lobo (1994:231, partim); Valdujo et al. 2012:77.
Pseudopaludicola falcipes (nec Hensel 1867); Souza et al. 2010:473.
Pseudopaludicola sp. Valerio-Brun etal. 2010:124–131; ´ Pansonato et al. 2011:81–86; Santos et al. 2011:456–459; Pansonato et al. 2014a:258; Veiga-Menoncello et al. 2014:263–270.
Pseudopaludicola sp. A Jansen et al. 2011:572–576.
Pseudopaludicola sp. 1 Fávero et al. 2011:828–834; Santos et al. 2015:1497–1502.
Etymology.— The specific epithet, motorzinho, is a masculine noun in the diminutive form. It is derived from the Portuguese noun ‘‘motor’’ (meaning engine, in allusion to the typical vocalization of the species, which resembles the continuous functioning of a stationary internal combustion engine); plus the Portuguese diminutive suffix ‘‘-(z)inho,’’ used to refer to the smallness of an object or creature, and also to express a certain degree of affection or endearment for it. It is to be treated as a noun in apposition.
Geographic distribution.— Pseudopaludicola motorzinho sp. nov. is known from nine municipalities of the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil (Bara˜o de Melga¸co, Ca´ceres, Cuiaba´, Jaciara, Nobres, Nossa Senhora do Livramento, Pocone,´ Pontes e Lacerda, and Vila Bela da Sant´ıssima Trindade), two municipalities of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil (Corumba´ and Porto Murtinho), and two provinces in the Department of Santa Cruz, Bolivia (San Ignacio de Velasco and Angel Sandoval; Fig. 6).
Pseudopaludicola ibisoroca sp. nov.
Pseudopaludicola aff. falcipes Kopp et al. 2010:195–197.
Etymology.— The specific epithet — ibisoroca — is a noun in apposition, resulting from a transliteration of Tupi– Guarani, a language family that comprises many different dialects spoken by South American indigenous people. It is formed by the words ‘‘yby’’ (or ‘‘yvy’’ ¼ earth, ground) and ‘‘sorok’’ (¼ crevice, crack), which together mean ravine or gully. Transliteration to modern Portuguese resulted in the words ‘‘bo¸coroca’’ or ‘‘vo¸coroca’’—large gully erosions. In short, a gully erosion ‘‘indicates that the soil is beyond its capacity to cope with the land use or the management practices’’ (Alt et al. 2009:111). By coining the nomina ibisoroca, we intend to call attention to not only the fact that the topotypical population of our new species inhabits a highly impacted site, but also the urgent need for catchment conservation programs in the Neotropics, as previously suggested by Wantzen (2006). We are particularly concerned about the situation in the Upper Araguaia headwaters, largely converted into agricultural and grazing lands without adequate soil conservation measures, which has already resulted in almost 200 places where gully erosion has been identified (see Filizola et al. 2011).
Geographic distribution.— Pseudopaludicola ibisoroca sp. nov. is currently known from its type locality, in southeastern state of Mato Grosso, and from Mineiros, Goia´s (Kopp et al. 2010), both in midwestern Brazil (Fig. 6). Kopp et al. (2010) recorded the sympatric occurrence of three species of Pseudopaludicola. One of them, referred to by those authors as ‘‘Pseudopaludicola aff. falcipes,’’ is here recognized as belonging to our P.ibisoroca sp. nov. Based in bioacoustical analyses of calls provided by K. Kopp, this species occurs at Parque Nacional das Emas, together with P. saltica and P. ternetzi.
André Pansonato, Ana Cristina P. Veiga-Menoncello, Jessica R. Mudrek, Martin Jansen, Shirlei M. Recco-Pimentel, Itamar A. Martins and Christine Strüssmann. 2016. Two New Species of
Pseudopaludicola (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae) from Eastern Bolivia and Western Brazil.
Herpetologica. 72(3); 235–255. DOI:
10.1655/Herpetologica-D-14-00047.1
