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[Botany • 2024] Dorcoceras uthongensis (Gesneriaceae) • A New Species from the Limestone Karst of Suphan Buri, Thailand

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Dorcoceras uthongensis Prajanban, Patumchartpat & Panvilai, 

in Prajanban, Patumchartpat, Akkarawongsapat, Napaswad et Panvilai, 2024. 
จอกหินอู่ทอง  ||  DOI: doi.org/10.25081/jp.2024.v16.9037

Abstract
Dorcoceras uthongensis, a new species of the genus Dorcoceras Bunge, is described. This new species is endemic to Uthong district, Suphan Buri province, Thailand, and differs from the other species by exhibiting capitate glandular hairs with globose unicellular head on the abaxial surface of the leaf. Additionally, it is classified as an endangered species (EN) according to IUCN criteria. The phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 confirmed its placement within Dorcoceras. Moreover, we sought to explore the potential biological activities of the crude extract of this new species. We evaluated the aqueous extract of leaves which revealed antioxidant activity and no cytotoxicity indicating potential safety for further research and utilization. To examine the phytochemical composition, we performed an analysis using LC-MS/MS-QTOF. The result revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and terpenes.

Keywords: Dorcoceras, New species, Trichome, Biological activity, Phytochemical composition, LC-MS/MS-QTOF

Dorcoceras uthongensis Prajanban, Patumchartpat & Panvilai, sp. nov.
 a) Habitat on the boulder of limestone karst, b) Lateral side of the flower is shown, c) Oblong unicellular head outside the corolla, d) Pale pink stigma, e) Detail of the reproductive organs, f) Pistil, g) Twisted capsule, h) Flower bud with pale purple petals, dorsally white, i) Glandular multicellular hairs on pedicel, j) Three staminodes are shown and k) Gland-tipped and eglandular multicellular hairs on calyx

Dorcoceras uthongensis Prajanban, Patumchartpat & Panvilai, sp. nov.

DIAGNOSIS: Dorcoceras uthongensis is similar to D. geoffrayi and D. wallichii in colorless indumentum on the abaxial leaf surface but consisting of capitate glandular hairs with globose unicellular head (absent in D. geoffrayi and D. wallichii), as shown in Figure 5. Moreover, the sessile glandular trichomes observed in D. wallichii are absent in D. uthongensis. Also similar to D. brunneum in the leaf shape (Figure 4) but differing in the colorless indumentum abaxially (rusty brown in D. brunneum). The stigma of D. uthongensis is pale pink bilabiate, which is only found in this new species (Figure 3).


Jaran Prajanban, Wichai Patumchartpat, Radeekorn Akkarawongsapat, Chanita Napaswad, Sathit Panvilai. 2024. Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activities of Dorcoceras uthongensis (Gesneriaceae) - A New Species from the Limestone Karst of Suphan Buri, Thailand. Journal of Phytology. 16, 231–238. DOI: doi.org/10.25081/jp.2024.v16.9037


[Herpetology • 2025] Osornophryne backshalli • A New Andean Plump Toad of the Genus Osornophryne (Anura: Bufonidae) from Cerro Candelaria, Ecuador

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Osornophryne backshalli   
Reyes-Puig​, Urgiles-Merchán, Ortega-Andrade, Cisneros-Heredia, Carrión-Olmedo & Yáñez-Muñoz, 2025


Abstract 
The amphibian genus Osornophryne is endemic to the northern Andes of South America and has long been considered rare. Recent explorations in the humid montane forests of the upper Pastaza Valley have uncovered previously unknown species. Here, we describe a new Andean toad species from the central Ecuadorian Andes, identified through genetic analyses and distinctive morphological and cranial traits. Osornophryne backshalli sp. nov., from Cerro Candelaria in the upper Pastaza River basin, is closely related to O. sumacoensis from Sumaco Volcano. This new species is characterized by a uniquely short fifth toe relative to toes I–III, triangular papillae on the snout tip, an occipital fold, large subconical and conical warts on the body, dorsal surfaces Brownish Olive with Spectrum Yellow and Light Neutral Gray flecks, ventral surfaces Brownish Olive with Spectrum Yellow bright blotches. Our phylogenetic analyses revise the genus taxonomy by delimiting two well-supported clades: the Osornophryne bufoniformis species group and the Osornophryne guacamayo species group. Furthermore, we show that the Pastaza River does not constitute a geographical barrier for Osornophryne distribution. These findings emphasize the value of continued exploration to expand our understanding of this genus in the humid montane forests of the Ecuadorian Andes.

Comparison of the live coloration within the type series of Osornophryne backshalli sp. nov.
(A) DHMECN 15260, female holotype; (B) DHMECN 18362, adult female paratype; (C) DHMECN 18364, adult male paratype; (D) DHMECN 18363, adult female paratype.
photo credit: Mario H. Yánez-Muñoz (A) and Juan P. Reyes-Puig (B, C, D).

Osornophryne backshalli sp. nov.
Osornophryne sp. nov. INABIO-Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (2023)
 
Proposed standard English name. Steve Backshall’s Andean Toad
Proposed standard Spanish name. Osornosapo de Steve Backshall

Diagnosis. Osornophryne backshalli sp. nov. is a member of clade B (O. guacamayo species group), and differs from all other species of the clade by the following combination of characters: (1) small to medium size toads (SVL = 22.08–29.68 mm in males, 30.09–35.4 mm on females; Table 2); (2) head slightly wider than long; (3) skin on dorsal surfaces and limbs finely granular with conical and subconical warts, males more tuberculated than females,ventral surfaces with subconic tubercles; (4) snout subacuminate in dorsal view, protruding in lateral profile, with pointed irregular papillae on the tip; (5) crista parotica slightly arched with finely glandular skin, posterior and oblique in relation to the orbit; zygomatic ramus of the squamosal elongated with a blunt anterior border, cultriform process with blunt anterior border; (6) glandular occipital folds present, discontinuous, dorsolateral folds absent, instead a row of discontinuous subconical tubercles on its place; (7) pelvic folds absent (8) limbs short, heels do not touch when adpressed; (9) fingers and toes with extensive and thick webbing, fingers visible, tips of Toes I, II, III almost indistinguishable, Toe V short, not elongated, slightly longer than Toe III, nuptial pads in males on the anterior part of Finger I; (10) dorsal surfaces Brownish Olive with Spectrum Yellow and Light Neutral Gray flecks, ventral surfaces Brownish Olive with Spectrum Yellow blotches; (11) short cloacal tube slightly projected medial to the thighs.

Life coloration and detailed dorsolateral view showing sexual dimorphism of  Osornophryne backshalli sp. nov.
  
(A) DHMECN 15260, holotype, adult female; (B) DHMECN 18364, paratype, adult female; (C) DHMECN 18364 paratype, adult male.
Photo credit: Mario H. Yánez-Muñoz (A) and Juan P. Reyes-Puig (B, C).

Etymology. The specific epithet is a patronym in honor of the explorer and television presenter Steve Backshall, of London, UK. He has raised awareness of nature around the world and has, through his patronage of the World Land Trust, contributed directly to the conservation of the Corredor de Conectividad Llanganates-Sangay, the habitat of this particular species and many others.


Juan P. Reyes-Puig​, Miguel A. Urgiles-Merchán, H. Mauricio Ortega-Andrade, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, Julio C. Carrión-Olmedo and Mario H. Yáñez-Muñoz. 2025. New Andean Plump Toad of the Genus Osornophryne (Anura: Bufonidae) from Cerro Candelaria, Ecuador. PeerJ. 13:e19760 DOI: doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19760  [July 23, 2025]

Blaesodactylus

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Blaesodactylus ganzhorni 
 Vences, Miralles, Ineich, Rakotoarison, Glasenapp, Scherz, Köhler, Glaw & Raselimanana 2025 

Photo: Miguel Vences

Abstract
Madagascar velvet geckos, genus Blaesodactylus, are classified in six species distributed over low-elevation sites across most of Madagascar. Based on DNA sequences of one mitochondrial and two nuclear-encoded gene fragments obtained from numerous newly collected tissue samples, we provide an updated review of their molecular variation. Our genetic screening confirms an extended distribution of B. ambonihazo, so far only known from its type locality Ankarafantsika, now reaching northwards to the Sahamalaza Peninsula. Compared to previously available molecular data, we also verify minor range extensions of B. boivini (southeastwards to Bezavona), B. antongilensis (northwards to the Marojejy Massif), and the B. sakalava complex. Samples assigned to B. sakalava according to current taxonomy fell into two mitochondrial sister lineages differing by about 8.5% pairwise distances in the 16S rRNA gene, lack of haplotype sharing in the nuclear-encoded CMOS gene, and various subtle but consistent differences in body proportions and scalation. We conclude that the lineage occurring in the South of Madagascar, encompassing known locations south of Morombe, corresponds to B. sakalava sensu stricto based on its type locality and morphological characters of its name-bearing type; and describe the lineage occurring in the West of Madagascar north of Morombe as a new species, Blaesodactylus ganzhorni sp. nov.

Squamata, Gekkonidae, Blaesodactylus sakalavaBlaesodactylus ganzhorni sp. nov., Blaesodactylus ambonihazo, Blaesodactylus boivini, distribution, taxonomy, Reptilia


Blaesodactylus ganzhorni sp. nov.


Miguel VENCES, Aurelien MIRALLES, Ivan INEICH, Andolalao RAKOTOARISON, Christian GLASENAPP, Mark D. SCHERZ, Jörn KÖHLER, Frank GLAW and Achille P. RASELIMANANA. 2025. An Updated Survey of Molecular Diversity in Madagascar's Velvet Geckos, Genus Blaesodactylus, with Description of A New Species from the island’s arid West. Zootaxa. 5620(2); 230-254. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5620.2.2 [2025-04-09]

Malagasy gecko species named after our former Prof Dr Jörg Ganzhorn

[Botany • 2025] Ainsliaea erectifolia & A. laxiflora (Asteraceae: Pertyoideae) • Two New Species from Southeast China: Based on Morphological Characters and Phylogenetic Evidence

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Ainsliaea erectifolia X.X.Su & S.P.Chen, 

in Zhou, Su, Wei, Ma et Chen, 2025. 
 
ABSTRACT
Two new species of Ainsliaea (Asteraceae: Pertyoideae), Ainsliaea erectifolia X.X.Su and S.P.Chen and Ainsliaea laxiflora X.X.Su and S.P.Chen, both from Fujian, Southeast China, are described and illustrated here. Morphologically, A. erectifolia is similar to A. simplicissima, but can be distinguished by both surfaces of leaves being glabrous and the capitulum bearing 3 flowers. A. laxiflora is similar to A. polystachya, but differs by its rosette leaves aggregating near the middle part of the stem, the capitulum bearing 3 flowers, the terminal inflorescence rachilla shorter than lateral rachillae, anthers lower than corolla lobes, and style equal to or slightly higher than corolla lobes. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the two new species were closely related to each other and belong to section Aggregatae. These two species have currently been assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) according to the IUCN guidelines. Furthermore, the complete plastid genomes of these two new species are reported. This study not only introduces two new Ainsliaea species but also provides their plastid genome data, offering valuable genetic resources for understanding the evolutionary history of the genus Ainsliaea.

Keywords: Asteraceae, morphology, new species, phylogeny, plastid genome, taxonomy

Habitat and morphology of Ainsliaea erectifolia.
(A, B) Habitat. (C) Inflorescence. (D) Holotype. (E) Leaves (adaxial and abaxial surface). (F) Capitulum (front view and side view). (G) Flower. (H) Style and stigma with synantherous stamens. (I) Fruit.


Ainsliaea erectifolia X.X.Su and S.P.Chen sp. nov.

Diagnosis: This species is morphologically similar to Ainsliaea simplicissima M. J. Zhang & H. Q. Li, from which it differs by the leaves both surfaces being glabrous and the capitulum bearing 3 flowers.

Etymology: The species epithet refers to the first leaf of the plant being initially erect when it emerges.
 Vernacular Name: Simplified Chinese: 竖叶兔耳风; 
Chinese pinyin: shù-yè-tù-ěr-fēng.

Habitat and morphology of Ainsliaea laxiflora.
 (A, B) Habitat. (C) Holotype. (D) Inflorescence. (E) Leaves (adaxial and abaxial surface). (F) Capitulum (front view and side view). (G) Flower. (H) Style and stigma with synantherous stamen. (I) Juvenile fruit. (J) Fruit.

Ainsliaea laxiflora X.X.Su and S.P.Chen sp. nov.

Diagnosis: This species is similar to Ainsliaea polystachya X. X. Su & M. J. Zhang, but can be distinguished by its rosette leaves aggregated near the middle part of the stem, capitulum bearing three flowers, terminal inflorescence rachilla shorter than lateral rachillae, anthers lower than corolla lobes, and style equal to or slightly higher than corolla lobes.

Etymology: The species epithet refers to its inflorescence, which is lax, with loose-flowered.
  Vernacular Name: Simplified Chinese: 疏花兔耳风; 
Chinese pinyin: shū-huā-tù-ěr-fēng.


Cheng-Yuan Zhou, Xiangxiu Su, Chunyi Wei, Liang Ma and Shi-Pin Chen. 2025. Two New Ainsliaea Species (Asteraceae: Pertyoideae) from Southeast China: Based on Morphological Characters and Phylogenetic Evidence. Ecology and Evolution. DOI: doi.org/10.1002/ece3.71088 [06 March 2025]

[Botany • 2025] Columnea flavohirsuta (Gesneriaceae) • A New Species from the Chocó Biogeographic Region, and an Update on Some Columnea Circumscriptions

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Columnea flavohirsuta J. L. Clark, 

in Clark, Clavijo et Skog, 2025. 

Abstract
Recent field expeditions in the Chocó Biogeographic Region on the western Andean slopes of northwestern South America, as well as ongoing herbarium research, have led to the discovery of a new species of Columnea L. (Gesneriaceae) and prompted circumscriptions to be updated for some Columnea species. A new species, Columnea flavohirsuta J. L. Clark, is described and differentiated from a complex of morphologically similar species including C. minutiflora L. P. Kvist & L. E. Skog and C. herthae Mansf. The name C. parviflora C. V. Morton is recognized as a heterotypic synonym of C. herthae. The name C. tenensis (Wiehler) B. D. Morley is recognized as a heterotypic synonym of C. illepida H. E. Moore. The name C. reticulata Amaya-Márquez, L. E. Skog & G. E. González is recognized as a heterotypic synonym of C. purpureovittata (Wiehler) B. D. Morley. The taxonomic history of these species is discussed, and field images are provided to serve as aids for identification and a guide for future systematic studies of Columnea.

Keywords: Chocó Biogeographic Region, Colombia, Columnea, Ecuador, taxonomy

Field images of Columnea flavohirsuta J. L. Clark.
—A, B. Lateral views of flowers. —C. Mature fruit. —D. Ab-axial view of leaf blade. —E. Habit.
 A, J. L. Clark et al. 17206; B, J. L. Clark et al. 13429; C, J. L. Clark et al. 10432; D, J. L.Clark et al. 17206; E, J. L. Clark et al. 13429. Photos by John L. Clark. 

Columnea flavohirsuta J. L. Clark, sp. nov.


John L. Clark, Laura Clavijo and Laurence E. Skog. 2025. Columnea flavohirsuta (Gesneriaceae), A New Species from the Chocó Biogeographic Region, and an Update on Some Columnea Circumscriptions. Novon, A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature. 33; 71 - 82. DOI: doi.org/10.3417/2025989

[Paleontology • 2025] Astigmasaura genuflexa • Side by side with Titans: A New rebbachisaurid Dinosaur from the Huincul Formation (upper Cenomanian) of Patagonia, Argentina

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Astigmasaura genuflexa
Bellardini, Filippi, Carballido, Garrido & Baiano, 2025
  
Artwork by Mattia Yuri Messina  facebook.com: MYM PaleoArt 

Abstract
Rebbachisaurids are medium to large-sized, non-selective and ground-level browser diplodocoid sauropods, and they are characterised by highly specialised skulls, widely pneumatized axial elements and gracile appendicular skeletons. Known from the Early Cretaceous to the early Late Cretaceous, the rebbachisaurid fossil record is particularly diversified in Gondwana, with several specimens found in North Africa and South America. Notably, Patagonia has yielded over more than half of all known Rebbachisauridae, including the most basal forms and the youngest rebbachisaurid remains to date. Herein, we describe a new species of Rebbachisauridae from the Huincul Formation (upper Cenomanian) of the Neuquén Basin (Patagonia, Argentina): Astigmasaura genuflexa gen. et sp. nov. New laboratory work provided the complete osteology of the specimen MAU-Pv-EO-629, complementing the previously published hind limb anatomy. Thus, the type material of Astigmasaura comprises the posterior portion of an articulated, postcranial skeleton of a single, morphologically adult individual. Astigmasaura shares different conditions with other Rebbachisauridae, including anterior caudal vertebrae with tall neural spines and tetraradiate neural laminae, asymmetric middle haemal arches, mediolaterally compressed proximal tibiae, and femur with medially inclined distal condyles. Furthermore, Astigmasaura shows a unique combination of diagnostic features that distinguish it from all other sauropods. This new record not only provides new morphological information about the caudal and pelvic girdle anatomy of Rebbachisauridae, which is poorly known to date, and suggests a greater taxonomic diversification within the family during the last stages of its evolutionary history than known before.


Systematic palaeontology

Order Saurischia Seeley, 1887
Suborder Sauropodomorpha von Huene, 1932
Infraorder Sauropoda Marsh, 1878

Superfamily Diplodocoidea Marsh, 1884 (sensu Upchurch, 1995)
Family Rebbachisauridae Bonaparte, 1997

Astigmasaura genuflexa gen. et sp. nov.
 
Etymology. The generic name is derived from El Orejano, a locality in North Patagonia from which the new taxon was found. Orejano is a Spanish word denoting an animal without identification signs or owner, ...
 


Flavio Bellardini, Leonardo S. Filippi, José L. Carballido, Alberto C. Garrido and Mattia A. Baiano. 2025. Side by side with Titans: A New rebbachisaurid Dinosaur from the Huincul Formation (upper Cenomanian) of Patagonia, Argentina. Cretaceous Research. 176, 106188. DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106188 
https://www.conicet.gov.ar/descubren-en-neuquen-una-nueva-especie-de-dinosaurio-sauropodo-que-vivio-hace-95-millones-de-anos/


[Diplopoda • 2025] Eudigraphis huadongensis • A New Species of Eudigraphis (Polyxenida: Polyxenidae) from East China, with embryonic and post-embryonic development observations, and mitogenomic and genetic divergence analyses

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 Eudigraphis huadongensis   Yang & Bu,

in Yang, Bu, Godeiro, Gao et Jin, 2025.
 
Abstract
Eudigraphis huadongensis Yang & Bu, sp. nov. from east China is described and illustrated. The new species is compared with other congeners in detail and observations about its embryonic and post-embryonic development are provided. The complete mitochondrial genome of the new species is also analyzed, which represents the first published mitogenome of Polyxenida. The genetic divergence between E. huadongensis sp. nov. and its congeners was analyzed using Neighbor-Joining inference based on COI gene sequences. Eudigraphis huadongensis sp. nov. clustered with E. nigricans and E. kinutensis, supporting the morphological identification. The newly assembled mitogenome is 15,206 bp in length and its gene order is unique, possibly representing a pattern among Polyxenida species.

Key words: Bristle millipedes, mitochondrial genome, molecular analysis, taxonomy, stadium

Class Diplopoda de Blainville in Gervais 1844
Subclass Penicillata Latreille, 1831

Order Polyxenida Verhoeff, 1934

Family Polyxenidae Lucas, 1840
Subfamily Monographinae Condé, 2008

Genus Eudigraphis Silvestri, 1948

Type species. Eudigraphis japonica Silvestri, 1948 (= Eudigraphis takakuwai); 
type locality: Ehime-ken and Kanagawa of Japan.

Diagnosis. Head with eight ommatidia on each side. Body with ten segments, nine pleural projections, a telson, and 13 pairs of legs. Antenna with eight articles, the sixth antennal article has three long bacilliform sensilla, some species also have one conical sensillum and one setiform sensillum; the seventh antennal article has two long bacilliform sensilla, some species also have one conical sensillum and one setiform sensillum; eighth antennal articles is shorter than article VII, with four finger-shaped sensory cones. Tergites with two lateral clusters of trichomes plus a single continuous row of trichomes close to posterior edge. Caudal trichomes on telson arranged as a penicil of hooked and barbate trichomes. The mandible has a comb-lobe, an intermediate plate, and a proximal plate, without a molar tuft.

Distribution. China (Jiangsu, Shanghai, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Japan.

Live specimen of  Eudigraphis huadongensis sp. nov. 

Embryonic development of Eudigraphis huadongensis sp. nov.
A. Adults and eggs; B. Eggs protected by caudal trichomes; C, D. Embryo of two weeks; E. Embryos with ommatidia pigments present; F. Embryos observed in the fourth week; G. Embryos and new-hatched juvenile; H. Juveniles of stadium I after 2 days; I. Juvenile of stadium I, showing brown caudal bundle.

Eudigraphis huadongensis Yang & Bu, sp. nov. 

Diagnosis. Eudigraphis huadongensis sp. nov. is characterized by three long bacilliform sensilla, one conical sensillum and one setiform sensillum on the sixth antennal article, two long bacilliform sensilla, one conical sensillum and one setiform sensillum on seventh antennal article; posterior vertex trichome groups with 11–16 sockets in anterior row and 7–13 sockets in posterior row; 12 slender sensilla on lateral palp of gnathochilarium and 20 or 21 conical sensilla on the medial palp; 2+2 lamellae and 5+5 clypeo-labral setae on the labrum. The mandible has 14 branched comb teeth, ten rows of simple comb teeth, three longitudinal groups of intermediate sensilla, 14 serrate limbs, one smooth limb, 13 salivary ostioles, seven molar processes and seven molar combs. The leg setae have a coniform pleated base. The telson has 11–17 ornamental trichomes on each side dorsal to the caudal bundle; hooked caudal trichomes with a maximum of eight hooks.

Etymology. The species was named after the Chinese words “Huadong” = “East China” which is the region where all type specimens were collected.


Si-Qi Yang, Yun Bu, Nerivania Nunes Godeiro, Yan Gao and Ya-Li Jin. 2025. A New Species of Eudigraphis (Diplopoda, Polyxenida, Polyxenidae) from East China, with embryonic and post-embryonic development observations, and mitogenomic and genetic divergence analyses. ZooKeys. 1247: 63-88. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1247.155348

[PaleoIchthyology • 2025] Macadens olsoni • A New euchondrocephalan chondrichthyan (Chondrichthyes: Euchondrocephali) from the middle Mississippian (Viséan) Joppa Member of the Ste. Genevieve Formation at Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky, USA and A Reassessment of the lower Mississippian (Tournaisian-Viséan) "Helodus" coxanus Newberry, 1897

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 Macadens olsoni
Hodnett, Toomey, Sues, Santucci, Tolleson & Tweet, 2025

Art by Benji Paysnoe

A new euchondrocephalan chondrichthyanMacadens olsoni gen. et sp. nov., is identified from the Middle Mississippian (Viséan) Joppa Member, Ste. Geneveive Formation from Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky. Macadens olsoni shares various morphological traits with the enigmatic taxon “Helodus” coxanus Newberry 1897, from the Lower-Middle Mississippian (Tournaisian) Keokuk Limestone of Iowa. These morphological traits of a lower symphyseal on a narrow mesiodistally elongated base with rounded and blunt cusps are not seen in Helodus and we create a new genus name and combination, Rotuladens gen. nov. coxanus Newberry 1897. Macadens and Rotuladens are proposed as members of unnamed clade with a sister-group relationship with Eugeneodontiformes.

  Proposed reconstruction of the new to science species Macadens olsoni, discovered through fossil research at Mammoth Cave National Park.
Art by Benji Paysnoe

Macadens olsoni gen. et sp. nov.
 
 
John-Paul Michael Hodnett, Rickard Toomey, Hans-Dieter Sues, Vincent L. Santucci, Kelli Tolleson and Justin Tweet. 2025. A New euchondrocephalan chondrichthyan (Chondrichthyes, Euchondrocephali) from the middle Mississippian (Viséan) Joppa Member of the Ste. Genevieve Formation at Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky, USA and A Reassessment of the lower Mississippian (Tournaisian-Viséan) "Helodus"coxanus Newberry, 1897. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. 100: 87–93. 


[Botany • 2025] Stigmatodactylus maraiparaiensis (Orchidaceae) • A New Species from Sabah, Malaysian Borneo

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Stigmatodactylus maraiparaiensis  

in Md.-Isa, Justine et Robinson, 2025. 

 The newly described Stigmatodactylus maraiparaiensiswas spotted on Mt Kinabalu, one of Borneo’s most botanised mountains, where it is known from a remote plateau visited by many researchers over the last century. This work demonstrates the high value of periodic flora surveys even in well-explored areas to more effectively capture fleetingly emergent or ephemeral species at the fertile stage.

Stigmatodactylus is widespread from eastern Asia into Oceania, but infrequently documented in tropical Asia. This is because they’re diminutive, have short and irregular flowering periods, and produce cryptic blooms that blend into the leaf litter of their deep shade habitats. Many also only grow in remote, high-elevation forests that few ever reach. Clearly, botanical surprises still lurk in the shadows!

The description of Stigmatodactylus maraiparaiensis brings the total number of Stigmatodactylus species for Malaysia to three and the total number of accepted species in the genus to 29.




Siti Fatimah MD.-ISA, Vanielie Terrence JUSTINE and Alastair S. ROBINSON. 2025. A New Species of Stigmatodactylus (Orchidaceae) from Sabah, Malaysian Borneo.  Phytotaxa. 711(2); 209-214. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.711.2.11 [2025-07-24] 

[Arachnida • 2025] Megaschizomus zhongshanensis • First Record of the Subfamily Megaschizominae Rowland, 1973 (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae) from China, with Description of A New Species of Megaschizomus Lawrence, 1969

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Megaschizomus zhongshanensis
Zheng, Wu & Zhang, 2025


Abstract
The subfamily Megaschizominae Rowland, 1973 is recorded from China for the first time through the description of a new species in the genus Megaschizomus Lawrence, 1969: M. zhongshanensis sp. nov. (male, female). This study presents the first illustrated description of male genital structures for a species within this subfamily. In addition to the detailed description, illustrations, diagnosis, and a distribution map are provided. Additionally, the DNA barcode of the new species is also provided.

Scorpiones, Schizomida, Asia, male genital, short-tailed whipscorpions, taxonomy





Tao ZHENG, Keliang WU and Feng ZHANG. 2025. First Record of the Subfamily Megaschizominae Rowland, 1973 from China, with Description of A New Species of Megaschizomus Lawrence, 1969 (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae).  Zootaxa. 5661(1); 80-94. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5661.1.3 [2025-07-14]

[Arachnida • 2025] Phlogiellus khampheng • A New Species of Southeast Asian Dwarf Tarantula in the Genus Phlogiellus Pocock, 1897 (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Selenocosmiinae) from Lao PDR

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Phlogiellus khampheng Sriranan, Songsangchote & Chomphuphuang,

in Sriranan, Songsangchote, Sihavong, Sayavongsa, Sidavong, Satakoun, Inkhavilay, Chomphuphuang et Gabriel, 2025. 

Abstract
A new species of Southeast Asian dwarf tarantula, Phlogiellus khampheng Sriranan, Songsangchote & Chomphuphuang, sp. nov., is described from Pakse, Champasack Province, Lao PDR. The species is placed within the Yamia group of the genus Phlogiellus, which is characterized by the absence of maxillary lyra. Phlogiellus khampheng Sriranan, Songsangchote & Chomphuphuang, sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species within the Yamia group by the unique morphology of the female spermathecae and the male embolus. The habitat and natural history of P. khampheng Sriranan, Songsangchote & Chomphuphuang, sp. nov. are also discussed, with specimens found in mixed deciduous forests near Pakse, Lao PDR, inhabiting various microhabitats such as soil walls, under rocks, and within tree hollows. An updated comparison of scopula characteristics and labial cuspule counts across Phlogiellus species highlights the variability of these traits and their limitations as diagnostic features. Molecular phylogenetic analyses and species delimitation methods (ABGD and ASAP) further support the recognition of P. khampheng Sriranan, Songsangchote & Chomphuphuang, sp. nov. as a distinct species.

Key words: Distribution, Mygalomorphae, Tarantula, Taxonomy, Theraphosidae, Yamia

Phlogiellus khampheng sp. nov.
 A. Holotype ♂, NUoL00058–PKP0001; B. Paratype ♀, NUoL00058–PKP0003.

Phlogiellus khampheng sp. nov.
A. Non-type NUoL00058–PKP0006 ♀ adult carrying an egg sac; B. Subterranean system of silk tube retreats under rock.

Phlogiellus khampheng Sriranan, Songsangchote & Chomphuphuang, sp. nov.

Diagnosis. Phlogiellus khampheng sp. nov. was included in Phlogiellus based on the presence of a strong single retrolateral keel on the male embolus and a third claw on leg IV. P. khampheng sp. nov. is classified in the Yamia group (Kishida 1920) of Phlogiellus, similar to P. aper, P. birulai, P. brevipes, P. bundokalbo, P. daweiensis, P. longipalpus, P. moniqueverdezae, P. mutus, P. quanyui, P. raveni, and P. watasei due to the absence of maxillary lyra in female specimens. The P. khampheng sp. nov. differs from P. aper, P. birulai, P. brevipes, P. daweiensis, P. longipalpus, P. mutus, and P. watasei in having all metatarsal scopulae undivided, and differs from P. raveni and female P. bundokalbo in tarsal scopula division (divided on tarsus II, III and IV). The male P. khampheng sp. nov. differs from P. brevipes, P. daweiensis, P. moniqueverdezae, P. quanyui, P. raveni, and P. watasei, except P. longipalpus, by having a longer and more slender embolus with a distinct curve (Fig. 8). It can be further distinguished from P. moniqueverdezae by the narrower width at the base of the embolus. P. khampheng sp. nov. can also be distinguished from P. moniqueverdezae by geographical distribution with P. moniqueverdezae being found nearly 1,000 km away across the Gulf of Thailand. Furthermore, the male P. khampheng sp. nov. can be distinguished by the angle between the lowest and highest point of the embolus (ALH), which is 59°, compared to 77° in P. longipalpus and 44° in P. moniqueverdezae (Fig. 8). The female of P. khampheng sp. nov. differs from all other species in the Yamia group in the shape of the female spermathecae (Except female P. aper does not have described) which are twin receptacles with sub-apical buds (Fig. 6).

Etymology. The species name “Khampheng” originates from the Lao and Thai languages, particularly in the Northeastern region, where it is used as a term of endearment to refer to someone who is cherished and precious to the speaker. The word carries a strong connotation of deep affection and high esteem, and it is often used in a loving and respectful manner when addressing or describing a person of great importance in one’s life. By choosing this name, the authors sought to convey the special and valuable relationship between Thailand and Laos, the two countries that collaborated closely in the discovery of this remarkable new tarantula species. “Khampheng” symbolizes the mutual respect, friendship, and cooperation that enabled the two nations to work together in advancing our understanding of the natural world and the incredible biodiversity it contains.


 Patipan Sriranan, Chaowalit Songsangchote, Odeth Sihavong, Phoukhanh Sayavongsa, Keolamphanh Sidavong, Lilammone Satakoun, Khamla Inkhavilay, Narin Chomphuphuang and Ray Gabriel. 2025. A New Species of Southeast Asian Dwarf Tarantula in the Genus Phlogiellus Pocock, 1897, from Lao PDR (Theraphosidae, Selenocosmiinae). ZooKeys. 1247: 19-43. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1247.155398
 

[Herpetology • 2025] Rhacophorus rhyssocephalus • Taxonomic Reassessment of an Enigmatic Flying Frog (Amphibia: Rhacophoridae) from Sangihe Island, Sulawesi, Indonesia

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Rhacophorus rhyssocephalus  Wolf, 1936

in Herlambang, Sabinhaliduna, Trilaksono, ..., Herr et McGuire, 2025. 
Sangir Flying-frog  |  Katak-terbang Sangir  ||  DOI: doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5636.1.5  

Abstract
Sangihe is the northernmost island in a string of a volcanic islands that extend northward from Sulawesi toward the Philippines. Sangihe is known to host one species of flying-frog in the genus Rhacophorus, which is currently classified as a subspecies of the widespread species, R. pardalis (as R. p. rhyssocephalus). Based on newly collected material obtained during a recent expedition in Sangihe, we re-evaluated the taxonomic status of R. p. rhyssocephalus. Molecular sequences (12S rRNA, tRNA val, and 16S rRNA) were obtained for this species, and 66 additional Rhacophorid sequences were extracted from GenBank, including R. pardalis from Borneo. Our molecular analysis revealed that R. p. rhyssocephalus is sister to the Sulawesi Rhacophorus clade, and is not closely related to the widespread lineage of R. pardalis. Furthermore, R. pardalis and R. p. rhyssocephalus exhibit an uncorrected patristic distance of 16%. Our morphological comparisons also identified unique differences between Sangihe and Bornean populations of R. pardalis, such as a prominent U-shaped intraorbital ridge present in the Sangihe population but absent in Bornean population. Based on the available evidence, we elevated the taxonomic status of the Rhacophorus frog from Sangihe Island to Rhacophorus rhyssocephalus. This study highlights the taxonomic complexities and significant discoveries still to be made on this remote island, enhancing our understanding of insular evolutionary processes in this under-explored island archipelago.

Key words: endemic, Morphometric analysis, Phylogenetic analysis, Remote Island
 
Live specimen of Rhacophorus rhyssocephalus from Sangihe (MZB Amph 33593

Rhacophorus rhyssocephalus Wolf, 1936

 Etymology. We elevate Wolf’s (1936) proposed subspecies name to full species status.  Rhyssocephalus  is derived from Greek, with ‘Rhysso’ means ‘wrinkled’ and ‘Cephalus’ means ‘head’. We suggest the English common name “Sangir Flying-frog”. We suggest the Indonesian name “Katak-terbang Sangir.”



Alamsyah Elang Nusa HERLAMBANG, Efendi SABINHALIDUNA, Wahyu TRILAKSONO, Syahfitri ANITA, Awal RIYANTO, Amir HAMIDY, Isaac KRONE, Sina AMINI, María José Navarrete MÉNDEZ, Mark HERR, Jimmy A. MCGUIRE. 2025. Taxonomic Reassessment of an Enigmatic Flying Frog (Amphibia: Rhacophoridae) from Sangihe Island, Indonesia.  Zootaxa. 5636(1); 121-143. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5636.1.5 [2025-05-15] 

[Herpetology • 2025] Crossodactylodes alairi • Historical Fragmentation in Atlantic Forest Explains the Diversification of a Clade of Mountaintop Bromeligenous Frogs (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Crossodactylodes)

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Crossodactylodes alairi
 Santos, Gehara, Oswald, Ferreira, Santos, Garcia, Zamudio, Haddad & Magalhães, 2025


ABSTRACT
The Atlantic Forest domain is a biodiversity hotspot with remarkable amphibian diversity, including over 700 species, 70% of which are endemic. Most of these endemic species have restricted geographic ranges, often confined to mountainous areas, as exemplified by the leptodactylid genus Crossodactylodes. These frogs are characterised by small body sizes, a bromeligenous habit and limited dispersal abilities, with species often restricted to their type localities. Previous studies have revealed geographically structured lineages within the genus, even when separated by short distances. Here, we focused on a clade of Crossodactylodes comprising three lineages from southeastern Brazil, inhabiting montane forest ‘islands’ distinct from surrounding lowland areas regarding vegetation structure and microclimate. We integrated genetic, geographic, morphometric and qualitative morphological data to assess species boundaries through species delimitation analyses and validation procedures. This integrative approach provided evidence supporting the recognition of one lineage as a distinct taxonomic entity, which we formally describe herein as Crossodactylodes alairi sp. nov. Additionally, we applied coalescent simulations and supervised machine-learning approaches to evaluate alternative diversification hypotheses. Our results provide strong support for fragmentation models, suggesting that divergences within the focal lineages were driven by climate-related habitat fragmentation during the Plio-Pleistocene. Given that these lineages inhabit a non-macrorefugium region of the Atlantic Forest, their evolutionary trajectories were likely shaped by survival in isolated microrefugia that offered stable and suitable microclimatic conditions amidst broader environmental changes.

Keywords: Anura, integrative taxonomy, microendemism, microrefugia, Paratelmatobiinae, speciation, species delimitation

Geographic distribution of the three lineages addressed in this study (FG, ST and SL), which occur on distinct mountaintops within the Atlantic Forest in the state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil. The inset in the bottom right corner shows the vegetation structure in the locality where lineage SL occurs, characterised by low trees, the presence of shrubs and lichens and a high density of epiphytic and ground bromeliads (photo: A. P. Araújo).

Crossodactylodes alairi sp. nov., holotype in life (UFMG-AMP 14201, male, SVL 21.1 mm).

Crossodactylodes alairi sp. nov.
 
Crossodactylodes bokermanni—Almeida et al. (2011, 557 [their appendix 1], in part);
Montesinos et al. (2012, 112 [their appendix 1]).

Diagnosis.Crossodactylodes alairi is diagnosable from its congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) absence of vomerine odontophores; (2) adult males lacking vocal slits; (3) absence of dorsolateral fold; (4) inner metacarpal tubercle in adult males weakly widened; (5) discs of fingers II–IV slightly expanded; (6) hindlimbs lacking transverse bars; (7) skin on males dorsum coarsely granular; (8) SVL 17.2–18.6 mm (females) and 17.0–21.1 mm (males); (9) in life, iris uniformly dark brown or light brown with dark brown fine reticulations; (10) upper eyelid margin granular, with a pronounced tubercle in its medial region; (11) disc of Finger I rounded; (12) medial region of the upper lip not anteriorly projected.

Etymology. The specific epithet honours Alair Tedesco, a park ranger who worked at Parque Estadual do Forno Grande for 27 years, dedicating much of his life to conserving the region. Even in retirement, he continues to collaborate with researchers and visitors, enthusiastically sharing his vast knowledge of the area. 
Suggested common names: Alair's bromeliad frog (English); rãzinha-de-bromélia-de-Alair (Portuguese).


Marcus Thadeu T. Santos, Marcelo Gehara, Caroline B. Oswald, Rodrigo B. Ferreira, Fabrício R. Santos, Paulo C. A. Garcia, Kelly R. Zamudio, Célio F. B. Haddad and Rafael F. Magalhães. 2025. Historical Fragmentation in Atlantic Forest Explains the Diversification of a Clade of Mountaintop Bromeligenous Frogs (Leptodactylidae: Crossodactylodes). Zoologica Scripta. DOI: doi.org/10.1111/zsc.70001 [11 July 2025]

[Botany • 2025] Thibaudia shagmiana (Ericaceae: Vaccinieae) • A New Species from the Cordillera del Cóndor in Ecuador

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Thibaudia shagmiana M.M. Jiménez, Luteyn & Darío García,  

in Jiménez, Luteyn, Kuethe, García, Lapo-González, Garzón-Suárez et Iturralde. 2025.  

Abstract
Background: The neotropical genus Thibaudia Ruiz & Pav. ex J.St.-Hil. (Ericaceae), comprises about 70–75 species and is distributed from Honduras in Central America, through the central Andes south to Bolivia, and eastward to Suriname and Brazil in South America. Ecuador is one of the countries with the greatest diversity of the genus, including 18 species, 12 of which are endemic. Within southeastern Ecuador, the Cordillera del Cóndor is a region characterized by exceptionally high levels of plant endemism, largely due to its unique geology. Recent botanical explorations across this area have led to the discovery of several new species in recent years. Among those was a peculiar species of Thibaudia that is distinct by having exclusively cauliflorous inflorescences in which the pedicel is articulated with the calyx and the filaments are connate. This species is here described and illustrated as Thibaudia shagmiana sp. nov.

New information: A new species, Thibaudia shagmiana, is described from the Cordillera del Cóndor in eastern Ecuador. It is distinguished by having a scrambling habit, provided with lignotubers, lanceolate leaves that are verticillate at the apex of branches, solitary and glabrous flowers, caducous bracts and bracteoles, stamens shorter than the corolla, anthers with prognathous thecae, and laterally connate tubules. The taxonomic similarities of the new species are discussed, and information about its distribution, habitat, and conservation is provided. 

Keywords: Andean Tepui, Neotropics, new species, northern Andes, rainforest, Zamora Chinchipe

Thibaudia shagmiana M.M.Jiménez, Luteyn & Darío García.
A Habit showing pseudoverticillate leaves (B), a close-up of a branch (C), inflorescence (D), and lignotuber (E). F Adaxial (right) and abaxial (left) views of leaves showing lateral margin (G) and adaxial base of leaf (H). I Corolla showing the ventral view of the corolla lobes (J) with a close-up of the surface (K). L Longitudinal section of calyx. M Calyx, pedicel and style with a close-up of lobes (N), hypanthium surface (O) and bracteole (P). Q Stamens with a close-up of apical slits of tubules (R) and the apex of thecae (S).

Prepared by N. Lapo-González based on photographs by M.M. Jiménez of the type.


Thibaudia shagmiana in situ.
A Habitat of the species. B An individual on a fallen tree branch. C Holotype of the species on a tree trunk.

Thibaudia shagmianaM.M. Jiménez, Luteyn & Darío García, sp. nov.

Diagnosis: Thibaudia shagmiana is distinguished from other members of the genus by its combination of scrambling plant (to 30 cm) and lignotuberous with branches that root from nodes when in contact with mossy litter, lanceolate leaves that are pseudoverticillate at apex of branches, caducous bracteoles, solitary-flowered or 2-fasciculate inflorescences on short rachis, glabrous flowers produced in axils of lower leaves or on leafless branches, cupuliform calyx with a cylindrical limb, corolla with trigonous lobes, stamens ⅔ the corolla length, staminal filaments connate, prognathous thecae, laterally connate tubules, and a style that is shorter than the corolla.

Etymology: The new species is named after the Cordillera de Shagmi, a west-facing slope of the Cordillera del Cóndor region in Zamora-Chinchipe province, Ecuador, where this species was found.


 Marco M. Jiménez, James L. Luteyn, J. R. Kuethe, Darío García, Nadia Lapo-González, Henry X. Garzón-Suárez and Gabriel A. Iturralde. 2025. A New Species of Thibaudia (Ericaceae, Vaccinieae) from the Cordillera del Cóndor in Ecuador. Biodiversity Data Journal. 13: e157044. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.13.e157044


[Botany • 2025] Dracula colombiana (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) • A New orchid Species with a history of misidentification in trade and collections

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Dracula colombiana Baquero, Est.Domínguez & E.Parra, 

in Baquero, Vargas, Mesa et Parra-Sanchez, 2025. 
 
Abstract
We describe and illustrate Dracula colombiana sp. nov. a new orchid species from the eastern Andes of Colombia, previously misidentified as D. benedictii in herbaria, private collections, and commercial trade. The new species resembles D. benedictii but can be distinguished by its solid pink lip with an ovate, glabrous epichile longer than the hypochile (vs. white, suborbicular epichile shorter than the hypochile) and sepals with brown-red papillae and pubescence (vs. purple black, verrucose sepals). Based on IUCN Red List criteria, we propose that the species be classified as Endangered (EN) under sub-criterion B2a, due to its restricted geographic distribution and the threats posed by potentially unsustainable harvesting. Conservation measures are urgently needed to protect natural populations, regulate its presence in the orchid trade, and address taxonomic misidentifications in global markets.

Endemism, epichilus, orchid trade, Western Colombian Andes, Monocots

Dracula colombiana Baquero, Est.Domínguez & E.Parra.
 A. Lateral view of column and lip in open and closed positions. B. ¾ view of the flower. C. Dissected perianth. D. Adaxial view of a petal and column in different positions. E. Habit. F. Lip in different positions.  
 Figure by Esteban Dominguez Vargas 
from type specimen (EDV-2635, HUA).

Dracula colombiana Baquero, Est.Domínguez & E.Parra, sp. nov.


Luis E. BAQUERO R., Esteban Dominguez VARGAS, Santiago MESA and Edicson PARRA-SANCHEZ. 2025. Dracula colombiana (Pleurothallidinae: Orchidaceae), A New orchid Species with a history of misidentification in trade and collections.  Phytotaxa. 706(1); 81-90. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.706.1.6 [2025-06-19]


[Herpetology • 2024] Atractus dativus, A. muisca, A. uroborus, ... • Taxonomy without Borders: Revision of the Genus Atractus (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) from the Andes between Colombia and Venezuela

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Atractus muisca
Passos, Meneses-Pelayo, Ramos, Martins, Machado, Lopes, Barrio-Amorós & Lynch, 2024 
 

Abstract
We review the taxonomy of Atractus species distributed continuously along northeastern portions of the Andes of Colombia (= Eastern Cordillera), Sierra of Perijá on the Colombia–Venezuela border, and Cordillera of Mérida in northwestern Venezuela. We assess the taxonomic status of 29 species names on the basis of congruence between quantitative and qualitative phenotypic characters (pholidosis, morphometrics, color patterns, scales micro-or-namentations, male genitalia, and osteological features) along their entire distribution. Our results support the recognition of 23 species, 6 of which are new to science (5 described herein), through unique morphological diagnostic characters or unique combinations. We propose the synonymy of 14 old and even recently presented names based on the widespread overlap of all morphological character systems analyzed. Taxonomic decisions were made on the light of examination of available type series, geographically representative samples, anatomical preparations or observations, and careful literature review for all taxa recorded in the study area. We provide a dichotomous key for all recognized species along northeastern Andes of Colombia to northwestern Andes of Venezuela. We compare the geographic variation, morphological cohesion, and distribution limits of highland Atractus and contrast them with lowland species. Finally, we discuss the ultimate implication of taxonomic studies delimited by political boundaries or based on geographically restricted samples, especially when such approaches rely extensively on online datasets without critical examination of specimens.

KEYWORDS: Hemipenian and skull morphology, Highland endemism, Linnean shortfall, microdermatoglyphics, morphometry, new species, new synonymies, polychromatism, species delimitation


 Atractus dativus
Atractus muisca,

Atractus pearti
Atractus tritono,
 Atractus uroborus


Paulo Passos, Elson Meneses-Pelayo, Luciana O. Ramos, Angele R. Martins, Alessandra Machado, Ricardo T. Lopes, César Barrio-Amorós and John D. Lynch. 2024. Taxonomy without Borders: Revision of the Genus Atractus (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) from the Andes between Colombia and Venezuela. South American Journal of Herpetology. 32 (sp1); 1-123. DOI: doi.org/10.2994/SAJH-D-23-00022.1
  facebook.com/CesarBarrioAmoros/posts/1213381326887994

New species of the Atractus genus for science

The five new species described in this research work correspond to snake populations distributed in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, covering the departments of Boyacá, Santander, Norte de Santander, Cesar and La Guajira.

The first species, Atractus dativus, is known only from one locality in Boyacá, located between the municipalities of Soatá and Susacón. Its name, dativus, is a Latin adjective that alludes to the act of providing or offering something to someone. This term refers to the popular Colombian expression “God will provide”.
The second species, Atractus muisca, is found mainly in the department of Santander, in municipalities such as Floridablanca, Málaga, Charalá and Encino, on the border with Boyacá. Its name, Muisca, pays homage to the pre-Columbian civilization that inhabited the highlands of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia. The Muiscas were a remarkable example of an egalitarian and sustainable society. Their caciques, wise administrators, implemented a system of social redistribution that complemented economic exchange. Through tribute, they retained productive surpluses and redistributed a part among the population through a common consumption fund.

The third species,Atractus pearti, inhabits the middle and highlands of the Serranía del Perijá, between the departments of Cesar and La Guajira. Its name pays homage to Neil Peart (1952-2020), iconic drummer and lyricist of the progressive rock band Rush.
The fourth species, Atractus tritono, is a species found in the municipalities of Chitagá, Pamplona and Toledo, Norte de Santander, at altitudes between 1700 and 2500 meters above sea level. The name of this species “tritone” refers to an interval between peaks of two musical notes that has exactly three whole tones.

The fifth and last species, Atractus uroborus, inhabits only the highlands of the Serranía de los Yariguíes between the municipalities of Zapatoca and El Carmen de Chucurí. The name of this species corresponds to an ancient symbol that shows a snake biting its tail, a symbol used in Greek mythology and Egyptian culture. The uroborus is often interpreted as eternal renewal of the cycle of life, death and rebirth.
This work highlights the crucial role of scientific research in protecting and understanding biodiversity in one of the most diverse areas of the planet.

Se revisó la taxonomía de las especies de Atractus distribuidas continuamente a lo largo de los Andes nororientales de Colombia (= Cordillera Oriental), Sierra de Perijá en el límite Colombia-Venezuela y Cordillera de Mérida en el noroeste de Venezuela. Se evaluó la posición taxonómica de 29 nombres de especies a través de la congruencia entre caracteres fenotípicos cuantitativos y cualitativos (folidosis, morfometría, patrones de color, micro-ornamentaciones de escamas, genitales masculinos y características osteológicas), a lo largo de toda su distribución. Nuestros resultados apoyan el reconocimiento de 23 especies, 6 de estas nuevas para la ciencia (5 descritas aquí), por medio de caracteres diagnósticos únicos o una combinación exclusiva de estas características. La sinonimia de 14 nombres antiguos y algunos presentados recientemente ha sido basada en la amplia superposición de todos los sistemas de caracteres morfológicos analizados. Se tomaron decisiones taxonómicas a la luz del examen de las series de tipos disponibles, muestras geográficamente representativas, preparaciones o observaciones anatómicas y revisión cuidadosa de la literatura para todos los taxones registrados en el área de estudio. Se presenta una clave dicotómica para todas las especies reconocidas a lo largo de los Andes nororientales de Colombia hasta los Andes noroccidentales de Venezuela. Se comparó la variación geográfica, la cohesión morfológica y los límites de distribución para los Atractus de las tierras altas en contraste con las especies de las tierras bajas. Por último, se discute la implicación de estudios de orientación taxonómica delimitados por fronteras políticas o aquellos basados en muestras geográficamente restringidas, especialmente cuando este enfoque se beneficia ampliamente solo de los conjuntos de datos en línea, sin examen crítico de especímenes.

[Botany • 2025] Glossoloma parvulina (Gesneriaceae) • Exploratory Research in Colombia’s Cordillera Oriental reveals A New Glossoloma with fimbriate calyx margins

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Glossoloma parvulina Solano-C, D. Ruiz-Mol. & J.L. Clark, 

in Solano-C, Molina et Clark, 2025. 

Abstract
A new species of Glossoloma is described from the premontane forests of the Cordillera Oriental in the eastern Andean slopes of Colombia. Glossoloma parvulina Solano-C, D. Ruiz-Mol. & J.L. Clark is differentiated from other congeners by the presence of minute fimbriate calyx margins. The new species is compared with all other currently known species of Glossoloma with fimbriate calyx margins, most of which also share an unbranched subshrub habit. Based on IUCN guidelines, a preliminary conservation status is assigned as Endangered (EN).

Keywords: Andes, Boyacá, Macarena Special Management Area, Neotropics, Taxonomy


Glossoloma parvulina Solano-C, D. Ruiz-Mol. & J.L. Clark, sp. nov. 

Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin word “parvus” meaning small, brief, or short. The name is in reference to the relatively small fimbria of the calyx margins (Figs. 2, 3C & 4A) compared to other Glossoloma with similar, but more elongate fimbriae (Fig. 1).


 Carlos A. Solano-C, Daniel Ruiz Molina and John L. Clark. 2025. Exploratory Research in Colombia’s Cordillera Oriental reveals A New Glossoloma (Gesneriaceae) with fimbriate calyx margins. Brittonia. 77, 122–128. DOI: doi.org/10.1007/s12228-024-09821-y [17 January 2025]

[Botany • 2024] Burmeistera luciae (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae) • A New Species from the Pacific Slope of the Northwestern Andes of Colombia

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Burmeistera luciae Zapata-Corr., Garzón & D. Ruiz-Mol., 

in Zapata-CorreaGarzón-Venegas, Holguín et Molina, 2024. 
 
Abstract
A new species of Burmeistera (Campanulaceae, Lobelioideae) from the Pacific slope of the Northwestern Andes of Colombia, in the Antioquia and Chocó departments, is described. Burmeistera luciae is distinguished by being a hemiepiphytic herb with scandent and glabrous stems; ebracteate peduncle, obconic hypanthium, and its most particular feature, the filiform, ascending, and curved calyx lobes in anthesis; corolla lobes forming an obtuse angle in relation to the tube, falcate; ventral anthers barbate; ellipsoid berries that turn a striking fuchsia color when mature. These characters differentiate it from Burmeistera serraniaguae, B. succulenta, and B. crocodila, the three most morphologically similar species that also inhabit the humid Andean regions of the Chocó biogeographic region between Colombia and Ecuador. Additional comments related to its distribution, etymology, and conservation status are presented.

Antioquia, Asterales, Chocó biogeographic region, Neotropical flora, Eudicots

 Field images of Burmeistera luciae Zapata-Corr., Garzón & D. Ruiz-Mol.
A. Leaves, adaxial view. B. Leaves, abaxial view. C. Flower bud, lateral view. D. Flower at anthesis, lateral view; detail of ventral anthers barbate and stigma in lower left inset. E. Immature berry, lateral view. F. Mature berry, lateral view G. Mature fruit, cross-section.
A–G based on D. Zapata-C. et al. 3051. Photographs by Andrés F. Caro H.

Burmeistera luciae Zapata-Corr., Garzón & D. Ruiz-Mol., sp. nov.

 Details of flowers and fruits in three morphologically similar species.
 A-C. Burmeistera serraniaguae Garzón & F. González; A. Flower at anthesis, ventral view. B. Flower at anthesis. C. Mature berry.
D-F. Burmeistera succulenta H. Karst. & Triana; D. Flower bud. E. Flower at anthesis. F. Mature berry.
G-I. Burmeistera luciae Zapata-Corr., Garzón & D. Ruiz-Mol.; G. Flower bud. H. Flower at anthesis. I. Mature berry.
 A-C based on Garzón et al. 485; D-F based on Garzón 491; G-I based on D. Zapata-C. et al. 3051 (type).


Diego Alejandro ZAPATA-CORREA, Javier GARZÓN-VENEGAS, Andrés Felipe Caro HOLGUÍN and Daniel Ruiz MOLINA. 2024. A New Species of Burmeistera (Campanulaceae, Lobelioideae) from the Pacific Slope of the Northwestern Andes of Colombia. Phytotaxa. 637(3); 269-277. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.637.3.5 [2024-02-22] 

[Herpetology • 2025] Raorchestes jakoid & R. jadoh • Two New Species of Bush Frogs (Anura: Rhacophoridae: Raorchestes) from Meghalaya, northeastern India

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Raorchestes jakoid
Warjri, Purkayastha, Lalremsanga & Das, 2025


Abstract
 The genus Raorchestes Biju et al., 2010 represents one of the most diverse lineages within the family Rhacophoridae, with its members characterized by small size, absence of vomerine teeth, direct development, and distinctive digital discs with circum-marginal grooves. Despite its location in the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot, the amphibian diversity of Meghalaya remains underexplored. In this study, we describe two new species, Raorchestes jakoid sp. nov. and Raorchestes jadoh sp. nov., from the Khasi Hills of Meghalaya, based on an integrative approach combining morphological, bioacoustic, and molecular data (16S rRNA). Additionally, we provide new records and supplementary descriptions for three species: R. kempiae, R. garo, and R. asakgrensis, thereby improving our understanding of their intraspecific variation and distribution. Phylogenetic analyses confirm the placement of the new species within the Raorchestes parvulus species complex. The new species are distinguished by a suite of morphological traits, unique call structures, and genetic divergence from congeners. Notably, both new species were discovered in secondary habitats near human settlements, suggesting ecological tolerance yet raising concerns about their long-term survival amid rapid habitat loss. The elevational distribution of the species studied ranges from 235 m to 1,655 m, with a concentration between 1,000–1,600 m, highlighting patterns of elevational partitioning and habitat specialization. Our findings add to the growing evidence of high cryptic diversity in the region and underscore the urgent need for targeted herpetofaunal surveys and conservation actions in Northeast India.

Keywords: 16SrRNA, acoustic, biodiversity, conservation, endemism, Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot, morphology, parvulus complex, systematics, taxonomy


 Raorchestes jadoh sp. nov.
 
Etymology: The specific epithet ‘jadoh’ is derived from the name of a traditional rice and meat dish that is integral to the cuisine and cultural identity of the Khasi people of Meghalaya, northeastern India. The name is used here as a noun in apposition. This naming celebrates Khasi heritage and underscores the connection between local biodiversity and indigenous cultural practices.

Diagnostic characters: While the developmental mode of the newly described species, Raorchestes jadoh sp. nov., remains uncertain, its placement within the genus Raorchestes is supported by the following combination of characteristics: small body size, vomerine teeth absent, male possess transparent gular pouch which is visible when calling, and tips of all fingers and toes expanded into discs with circum-marginal grooves. The new species is distinguished from relevant congeners by phylogenetic position, by call analysis based on the parameters dominant frequency, call duration, inter-call interval, call repetition rate, number of note, note duration, and inter-note interval, and by the combination of the following morphological characters: very small body size with SVL of 13.68−14.01 mm; head wider than long; tympanum indistinct, supratympanic fold distinct; tongue pyriform and notched posteriorly, webbing between fingers absent; rudimentary webbing between toes present; relative finger lengths: I < II < IV < III, relative toe lengths: I < II < III < V < IV; inner palmar tubercle absent and outer palmar tubercle present with round shape; tibiotarsal articulation reaching posterior border of an eye when hindlimb is stretched alongside of body; nuptial pad present; inner metatarsal tubercle round (IMT/Toe4L 0.08 mm long), outer metatarsal tubercle absent; interorbital distance larger than eye horizontal diameter; upper part with small warts and six fairly distinct warts on the body towards the posterior of the eyes.


Raorchestes jakoid sp. nov.

Etymology: The specific epithet ‘jakoid’ is derived from the Khasi word for “frog” (jakoid), used by the indigenous Khasi people of Meghalaya, northeastern India. The name is treated as a noun in apposition. This nomenclature honours the rich linguistic and cultural heritage of the Khasi community, and emphasizes the importance of local traditional knowledge in the discovery, and conservation of biodiversity in the Khasi Hills.

Diagnostic characters: While the developmental mode of the newly described species, Raorchestes jakoid sp. nov., remains uncertain, its placement within the genus Raorchestes is supported by the following combination of characteristics: small body size, vomerine teeth absent, male possesses transparent gular pouch which is visible when calling, and tips of all fingers & toes expanded into discs with circum-marginal grooves. The new species is distinguished from relevant congeners by phylogenetic position, by call analysis based on parameters like dominant frequency, call duration, inter-call interval, call repetition rate, number of note, note duration, and inter-note interval, and by the combination of the following morphological characteristics: small body size with SVL of 18.47−21.6 mm; head wider than long; tympanum indistinct, supratympanic fold distinct; tongue pyriform, and notched posteriorly; webbing between fingers absent; rudimentary webbing between toes present; relative finger lengths: I < II < IV < III, relative toe lengths: I < II < III < V < IV; inner palmar tubercle absent and outer palmar tubercle present with round shape; tibiotarsal articulation reaching posterior border of an eye when hindlimb is stretched alongside of body; nuptial pad distinctly whitish in colour; inner metatarsal tubercle oval (IMT/Toe4L 0.07 long), outer metatarsal tubercle absent; body surface slightly rough and has”)(“ shaped marking; interorbital distance larger than eye horizontal diameter; upper parts with very small warts. 


Holiness Warjri, Jayaditya Purkayastha, Hmar Tlawmte Lalremsanga and Madhurima Das. 2025. Two New Species of Bush Frogs (Anura: Rhacophoridae: Raorchestes) from Meghalaya, northeastern India. Journal of Threatened Taxa. 17(7); 27171-27194. DOI: doi.org/10.11609/jott.9461.17.7.27171-27194  

[Botany • 2025] Petrocodon parviflorus (Gesneriaceae) • A New Species identified by both morphological and molecular evidence from limestone caves in Guangxi, China

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Petrocodon parviflorus F.Wen & K.Tan, 

in Liu, Tan, Chen, Bai, Xiong, He et Wen. 2025. 
 小冠石山苣苔 || DOI: doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.260.153384

Abstract
Petrocodon parviflorus, a new species of Gesneriaceae, is a typically cave-dwelling species from the limestone region in Guangxi, China. Morphologically, this new species resembles P. lui, but can be readily distinguished by differences in corolla limb lobe shape, calyx lobe surface texture, pistil style length, and central staminode length. Molecular evidence supports its close phylogenetic relationship with P. lui despite their morphological distinctness. Based on the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, this species is assessed as Vulnerable (VU, D2).

Key words: ITS, limestone flora, molecular phylogeny, Petrocodon, taxonomy, trnL-F


Petrocodon parviflorus F.Wen & K.Tan, sp. nov.
 A. Habitat; B. Habit; C. Plant in the wild (Photographed by Chi Xiong)

 Petrocodon parviflorus F.Wen & K.Tan, sp. nov.
A. Adaxial leaf surface; B. Abaxial leaf surface; C. Bracts; D. Calyx lobes (the first three are adaxial surface and the last two are abaxial surface); E. Inflorescence; F. Face view of corolla; G. Flower in side view; H. Opening flower showing stamens and staminode; I. Stamens; J. Pistil; K. Stigma; L. Disc (Photographed by Rui-ning Liu).

 Petrocodon parviflorus F.Wen & K.Tan, sp. nov.
 
Diagnosis. The new species resembles P. lui in leaf blade shape, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by corolla limb lobes oval (vs. oblong, obovate to suborbicular), longer style length 10–11.5 mm long (vs. 4–6 mm long), longer central staminode 1–1.3 mm long (vs. 0.5–0.8 mm long), calyx lobes sparsely puberulent abaxially (vs. glabrous abaxially).

Etymology. The epithet ‘parviflorus’ reflects the relatively small flowers. The corolla is distinctly smaller compared to other species previously classified under the former Lagarosolen W.T.Wang, particularly L. lui Yan Liu & W.B.Xu (syn. Petrocodon lui).

Vernacular name. 小冠石山苣苔 
(Chinese pronunciation, Xiáo Guàn Shí Shān Jù Tái).


 Rui-Ning Liu, Ke Tan, Ping-Ya Chen, Xin-Xiang Bai, Chi Xiong, Song-Tao He and Fang Wen. 2025. Petrocodon parviflorus (Gesneriaceae), A New Species identified by both morphological and molecular evidence from limestone caves in Guangxi, China. PhytoKeys. 260: 201-212. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.260.153384

[Botany • 2025] Impatiens meishanensis (Balsaminaceae) • A New Species from Sichuan, China

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Impatiens meishanensis K.Huang & Z.X.Fu,  
 
in Zhang, Chen, Qu, Zheng, Li, Yue, Liu, Pan, Huang et Fu, 2025.
Photographs by Zhixi Fu.

Abstract
Impatiens meishanensis K.Huang & Z.X.Fu, sp. nov., a new species of Balsaminaceae from Meishan City, Sichuan Province, China, is described and illustrated. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome of I. meishanensis is 152,104 bp in length. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the complete cp genome, I. meishanensis represents a distinct species closely related to Impatiens faberi Hook.f. The new species can be distinguished from the latter by its unique morphological characteristics: lower sepal gable-boat-shaped (vs. funnel-shaped), spur straight (vs. curved), flower large, ca. 4 cm long (vs. ca. 3 cm long), and seeds ellipsoid with reticulate seed coat ornamentation (vs. oblong, smooth). In addition, a distribution map, a detailed morphological comparison with related species, and an assessment of the conservation status of this newly identified species are provided.

Key words: Impatiens, new species, morphology, phylogeny

Impatiens meishanensis K.Huang & Z.X.Fu, sp. nov.
Flower dissected.      A. Leaves; B. Capsules; C. Seeds.
Photographed by Zhixi Fu. Scale bars: 1 cm.

Impatiens meishanensis K.Huang & Z.X.Fu, sp. nov.
A. Habit; B. Population; C. Flower in lateral view; D. Flower in face view; E. Plant.
Photographs by Zhixi Fu.


 Yanru Zhang, Xinyu Chen, Tianmeng Qu, Xinyi Zheng, Bo Li, Jieli Yue, Xiaoqin Liu, Min Pan, Ke Huang and Zhixi Fu. 2025. Impatiens meishanensis (Balsaminaceae), A New Species from Sichuan, China. PhytoKeys. 260: 97-113. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.260.150685

[Botany • 2024] Anthurium dairon-cardenasii (Araceae) • A New Species of Anthurium sect. Belolonchium for Colombia

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Anthurium dairon-cardenasii López-Flor., Croat & Marco Correa, 

in López-Floriano, Croat, Correa-Munera et Marroquín, 2024. 

 Abstract  
A new species of Anthurium Schott (Araceae) is described, belonging to section Belolonchium (Schott) Engl. Anthurium dairon-cardenasii López-Flor., Croat & Marco Correa is dedicated in honor of the great botanist Dairon Cardenas López, who dedicated his life to the study of the Amazon. The species was recorded in Caquetá, Colombia, in a lower montane wet forest in the framework of the Caquetá BIO project.

KEYWORDS: Andes Mountains, Anthurium, Caquetá, section Belolonchium.


Anthurium dairon-cardenasii López-Flor., Croat & Marco Correa. 


Oscar Mauricio López-Floriano, Thomas B. Croat, Marco Aurelio Correa-Munera, María Raquel Millán Marroquín. 2024. Anthurium dairon-cardenasii, A New Species of Anthurium sect. Belolonchium (Araceae) for Colombia. Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature. 32(1); 33 - 38. DOI: doi.org/10.3417/2024870 



[Entomology • 2025] Rediscovery of Pseudomyrmecion ramalium Bedel, 1885 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae): A rare endemic saproxylic Longhorn Beetle in the Djebel Edough Forest, Algeria

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Pseudomyrmecion ramalium Bedel, 1885

in Hadiby, Boukheroufa, Vitali, ... et Sakraoui, 2025. 

Abstract
The rediscovery of Pseudomyrmecion ramalium Bedel, 1885, a rare and endemic saproxylic longhorn beetle, in the Djebel Edough forest in Algeria is reported. Hind wings are for the first time showed and described, evidencing the brachyptery of this species. Erroneous nomenclatorial, biological and chorological data referred by previous authors are discussed and corrected. This species, which had not been observed in the region since 1900, is an obligate saproxylic insect exclusively associated with the Algerian oak Quercus canariensis Willd. Classified as an endangered species on the IUCN Red List due to its rarity and the threats to its habitat, P. ramalium represents a conservation priority. Its rediscovery highlights the need for further research to assess the current state of its population and better understand its ecological requirements. This information will be crucial for developing effective conservation strategies and preserving its fragile habitat.

Coleoptera, Rediscovery, Pseudomyrmecion ramalium, saproxylic beetle, endangered species, Djebel Edough forest

Capture site and field photos in the Edough forest massif (North-East Algeria).

Pseudomyrmecion ramalium Bedel, 1885, male, from Edough forest (Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria).
Dorsal view, tegmen, median lobe and hind wings. Scale bar = 1 mm. (Photo and drawings F. Vitali).


RACHED HADIBY, MEHDI BOUKHEROUFA, FRANCESCO VITALI, YASMINE ADJAMI, ABDELAZIZ FRIH, FERIEL SAKRAOUI. 2025. Rediscovery of Pseudomyrmecion ramalium Bedel, 1885: A rare endemic saproxylic Longhorn Beetle in the Djebel Edough Forest, Algeria (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae).  Zootaxa. 5632(3);547-556. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5632.3.7 [2025-05-08]

[Ichthyology • 2025] Sinocyclocheilus wanlanensis • Description of A New Eyeless Cavefish (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) Using Integrative Taxonomic Methods, from Guizhou, China

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 Sinocyclocheilus wanlanensis  Liu, Mao & Yang,

in Liu, Mao, Sudasinghe, Chen, Yang et Meegaskumbura, 2025

Simple Summary
The karst caves of southwest China are home to an extraordinary diversity of cavefish, especially those in the Sinocyclocheilus group, the largest cavefish genus in the world. Using a combination of morphology and genetic analyses, we describe a new species, Sinocyclocheilus wanlanensis, found in an underground river in Guizhou Province. This fish is eyeless or degenerate-eyed, has no horn-like structures on its head (unlike some of its relatives), and features a large hump behind the head and a snout shaped like a duck’s bill. Measurement and comparison with similar species show that it is distinct morphologically. DNA analysis of two mitochondrial genes places it close to S. bicornutus, a related species; the genetic differences, while small, are consistent with what we observe between known sister species. Sinocyclocheilus wanlanensis is also distinct in appearance: it has degenerated eyes (dark spot) or no eyes (compared to the normal eyes of S. bicornutus); it also lacks the split horn found in S. bicornutus. It can be distinguished from the similar-looking S. zhenfengensis by its eyeless/degenerate-eye condition, shorter facial barbels, and longer pelvic fins. Identifying and describing new species is important for protecting cave life and understanding how species evolve in extreme environments.

Abstract
China’s southwestern karst landscapes support remarkable cavefish diversity, especially within Sinocyclocheilus, the world’s largest cavefish genus. Using integrative taxonomic methods, we describe Sinocyclocheilus wanlanensis sp. nov., found in a subterranean river in Guizhou Province. This species lacks horn-like cranial structures; its eyes are either reduced to a dark spot or absent. It possesses a pronounced nuchal hump and a forward-protruding, duckbill-shaped head. Morphometric analysis of 28 individuals from six species shows clear separation from related taxa. Nano-CT imaging reveals distinct vertebral and cranial features. Phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial cytb and ND4 genes place S. wanlanensis within the S. angularis group as sister to S. bicornutus, with p-distances of 1.7% (cytb) and 0.7% (ND4), consistent with sister-species patterns within the genus. Sinocyclocheilus wanlanensis is differentiated from S. bicornutus by its eyeless or degenerate-eye condition and lack of bifurcated horns. It differs from S. zhenfengensis, its morphologically closest species, in having degenerate or absent eyes, shorter maxillary barbels, and pelvic fins that reach the anus. The combination of morphological and molecular evidence supports its recognition as a distinct species. Accurate documentation of such endemic and narrowly distributed taxa is important for conservation and for understanding speciation in cave habitats.

Keywords: Sinocyclocheilus; new species; Beipanjiang River; cytochrome b; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4; integrative taxonomy; cavefish; molecular systematics; mtDNA; China


 Sinocyclocheilus wanlanensis sp. nov., GXU2020000062, holotype, 86.74 mm SL.
(A) Live specimen (not holotype); (B) lateral view of head in preserved specimen; (C) dorsal view of preserved specimen.

Sinocyclocheilus wanlanensis Liu, Mao & Yang, sp. nov.

Diagnosis. Sinocyclocheiluswanlanensis is distinguished from all its congeners by the following combination of characters: absence of horn-like structure; eyes absent or degenerated into dark spots; a distinct nuchal hump; predorsal profile distinctly arched; the tip of the adpressed rostral barbel extending posteriorly not reaching vertical through the anterior margin of the sunken eye or dark spot; tip of the pelvic-fin rays reaching the anus when pelvic-fin rays extended backward; a distinct head shape protruding forward, resembling a duck’s beak; body scaleless; in life, body light golden brown; lateral line pores 41–45; gill rakers well developed, 9 on first gill arch.

Distribution and habitat. Known only from a subterranean river within a cave in the town of Wanlan, Zhenfeng County, Guizhou Province, China. This underground river serves as an important source of drinking and irrigation water for local villagers. They have established large and small pumps to extract water from the cave. The water from this underground river eventually flows into the Beipanjiang River. Sinycyclocheilus wanlanensis occurs in sympatry with several other fish species: Longanalus macrochirous, Pterocryptis anomala, Carassius auratus, and Opsariicthys bidens.

Etymology. The new species’ name, wanlanensis, derives from Wanlan Town, Zhenfeng County, where the type specimens were collected.

  
Yewei Liu, Tingru Mao, Hiranya Sudasinghe, Rongjiao Chen, Jian Yang and Madhava Meegaskumbura. 2025. Description of A New Eyeless Cavefish Using Integrative Taxonomic Methods—Sinocyclocheilus wanlanensis (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae), from Guizhou, China. Animals. 15(15), 2216. DOI: doi.org/10.3390/ani15152216 [28 July 2025] 

[Arachnida • 2020] Pholcus tongyaoi • Notes on Two closely related Spider Species of the Pholcus phungiformes species group (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Beijing, China

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Pholcus tongyaoi  Wang & Yao,   

in Wang, Shaheen, He et Yao, 2020. 

Abstract
The Pholcus phungiformes species group is highly diverse and currently contains 53 species. In this study, Pholcustongyaoi Wang & Yao, sp. nov. (male, female) from Huairou District, Beijing, China is described while similar congener Pholcus lexuancanhi Yao, Pham & Li, 2012 from neighboring Haidian District (type locality) is redescribed; the female of P. lexuancanhi is described for the first time. In addition, the DNA barcode COI for the two species was obtained to estimate p-distance.

Keywords: daddy-long-leg spider, DNA barcode, morphology, Pholcinae, taxonomy

Pholcus tongyaoi sp. nov., live specimens and habitat
A, B adult and juvenile males in old house 
C, D adult male and female with egg-sac on rock walls
E, F habitat.
Photographs by T Jiang (IZCAS).

Pholcus tongyaoi Wang & Yao, sp. nov. 


 Xiang Wang, Shumaila Shaheen, Qiaoqiao He and Zhiyuan Yao. 2020. Notes on Two closely related Spider Species of the Pholcus phungiformes species group (Araneae, Pholcidae) from Beijing, China. ZooKeys. 965: 1-16. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.965.56199



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