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[Botany • 2022] Microlicia piauiensis (Melastomataceae: Microlicieae) • A New Species endemic to Serra das Confusões expands the Range of the Genus to Piauí, Brazil

May 29, 2022, 9:27 pm
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Microlicia piauiensis R.Pacifico & Almeda, 

in Pacifico & Almeda, 2022. 

Abstract
Microliciapiauiensis is described as a new species from Serra das Confusões, a mountainous region located in a transition zone between the Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) and the Caatinga (deciduous bushland in semi-arid areas) domains. Microlicia piauiensis can be recognized by its branchlets, leaves and hypanthia that are glandular-punctate and covered with gland-tipped trichomes, leaves on short petioles, revolute leaf margins, oblong calyx lobes, magenta petals that are yellow at the base, and isomorphic stamens with small but discernible appendages at the ventral base of the pedoconnectives. Microlicia piauiensis has a distribution that is more than 400 kms distant from all areas of endemism previously identified for the tribe Lavoisiereae. It is the first species of Melastomataceae reported as endemic to Piauí. Photos of living and dried specimens are provided, as well as a distribution map, and morphological comparisons with putative relatives. A conservation status of Endangered is suggested for M. piauiensis.
 
Keywords: Caatinga, campo rupestre, Cerrado, endemism, Lavoisiereae, Eudicots 

  Microlicia piauiensis, images of dried specimens.
 A. Habit. B. Apical branch. C. Basal branch with corky bark peeling away. D. Leaf abaxial surface. E. Leaf adaxial surface. F. Floral bud. G. Petal. H. Stamen (profile view). I. Capsule. J. Seed.
 Photos taken from the holotype. 
Scale bars: A: 2 cm; B-C: 4 mm; D-J: 2 mm.

Microlicia piauiensis, photos of living specimens and type locality.
A. Habit of a fruiting specimen. B. Close-up of a 3-locular capsule. C. Close-up of a 4-locular capsule. D. Flowering branch. E. Frieseomelitta varia (Apidae) pollinating a flower. F. Landscape with rocky sandstone outcrops at the Serra das Confusões.
Photos A-E by José Alves Siqueira Filho, F by Antonio Nogueira. 
Voucher specimens: A-C, J.A. Siqueira Filho 2632 et al. (HVASF); D-E, J.A. Siqueira Filho 3027 et al. (HVASF).

Microlicia piauiensisR.Pacifico & Almeda, sp. nov.

Diagnosis:—Microlicia piauiensis can be recognized by its branchlets, leaves and hypanthia that are glandular-punctate and covered with gland-tipped trichomes 0.2–0.4 mm long, leaves on short petioles 0.1–0.3 mm long, revolute leaf margins, oblong calyx lobes 2–2.5 mm long, magenta petals that are yellow at the base, and isomorphic stamens with small ventral appendages at the base of the pedoconnectives. 


Ricardo Pacifico and Frank Almeda. 2022. A New Species of Microlicia (Melastomataceae) endemic to Serra das Confusões expands the Range of the Genus to Piauí, Brazil. Phytotaxa. 548(1); 73-81. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.548.1.6  

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[Mammalogy • 2022] Macaca selai • A Distinct Phylogenetic Species (Primates: Cercopithecidae) that evolved from the Arunachal Macaque following Allopatric Speciation

May 29, 2022, 11:31 pm
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Macaca selai
 Ghosh, Thakur, Singh, Dutta, Sharma, Chandra & Banerjee, 2022
 
 Sela Macaque  ||  DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107513



Highlights
• Arunachal macaque showed ample genetic polymorphism, and evolved into two phylogenetic species.
• Allopatric speciation driven by the sela mountain pass.
• A new species, Macaca selai described based on phylogenetic species concept.
• Novel findings imperative for conservation planning and management of Arunachal macaque.

Abstract
Arunachal macaque (M. munzala) is an endangered and recently discovered cercopithecine primate from Western Arunachal Pradesh, India. On genetic analyses of Arunachal macaques, we observed spatially distributed substantial inter-species genetic divergence among the samples collected from Arunachal Pradesh. The results suggested that Arunachal macaque evolved into two phylogenetic species about 1.96 mya following allopatric speciation by means of Sela mountain pass in Arunachal Pradesh, India. We describe - Sela macaque (Macaca selai) as a new macaque species that interestingly exhibited high intra-specific genetic variation and also harbors at least two conservation units. Further, we report the past demographic trajectories and quantify genetic variation required for taxonomic clarification. The present study also identifies gap areas for undertaking surveys to document the relic and unknown trans-boundary populations of macaques through multinational, multi-lateral cross border collaboration.
 
Keywords: Arunachal macaque, Sela macaque, Eastern Himalayas, Sela mountain pass, Allopatric speciation, Taxonomic revision




Order Primates Linnaeus, 1758

Superfamily Cercopithecoidea Gray, 1821
Family Cercopithecidae Gray, 1821

Genus Macaca Lacépèpde, 1799

Macaca selai species novum

Etymology: The proposed specific name for the taxon is derived from a local tribal woman ‘Sela’. The ‘Sela pass’ named after her who supported Indian soldier during the attack and invasion by Chinese army in Tawang, Arunachal Pradesh. For giving respect to the brave local girl-Sela, we chose her name to the newly defined macaque species which also a phylogenetic divergent of Arunachal macaque.

Population demography and phylogenetic position of Arunachal macaque and Sela macaque.
 (a) Bayesian skyline plots showing the trend of effective population size (Ne) of Arunachal macaque and Sela macaque. T is generation time. M. munzala and West Kameng population of M. selai showed declining trend of effective population size since last 2000 years while Upper Subansiri pop of M. selai showed expansion in last 8000 years followed by very recent decline. Scale in years.
(b) Bayesian phylogenetic tree of ‘sinica’ group of macaques using mitochondrial d-loop sequences. Rhesus macaque (M. mulatta) was considered as an outgroup. Three groups, i.e., M. munzala from Tawang, Upper Subansiri and West Kameng populations of M. selai showed significant divergence in term of their origin. Node time given in million years.


Avijit Ghosh, Mukesh Thakur, Sujeet K. Singh, Ritam Dutta,Lalit K. Sharma, Kailash Chandra and Dhriti Banerjee. 2022. The Sela Macaque (Macaca selai) is A Distinct Phylogenetic Species that evolved from the Arunachal Macaque following Allopatric Speciation. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. In Press, 107513. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107513

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[Botany • 2022] Begonia erythrofolia (Begoniaceae, sect. Platycentrum) • A New Species from southeastern Yunnan, China

May 30, 2022, 3:44 am
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Begonia erythrofolia Lei Cai, D.M.He & W.G.Wang,

in Cai, He, Huang, Dao & Wang, 2022.
红背秋海棠  ||  taiwania.NTU.edu.tw

Abstract
Begonia erythrofolia, a new species of Begonia sect. Platycentrum (Begoniaceae) from Yunnan, China is described and illustrated. Morphologically, it is most similar to B. dielsiana and B. edulis, but differs in having broadly ovate leaves which are undivided or shallowly triangular lobed, crimson on the abaxial leaf surface, and more veins in the lamina. The new species also resembles B. subhowii in its similar leaf shape and in having erect stems when flowering, but differs in its larger leaf size, and smaller bracts and flowers.

Keyword: Begonia daweishanensis, B. dielsiana, B. edulis, B. siamensis, B. subhowii, Flora of Yunnan, new taxon, taxonomy


Habitat and morphology of Begonia erythrofolia Lei Cai, D.M.He & W.G.Wang, sp. nov.
 A. Habitat; B, C. Habit; D. Rhizome; E. Leaf shape and size; F. Leaf shape and deep red color on abaxial surface; G. Stipules; H. Bracts; I. Blooming mature individual; J. Inflorescences; K. Front view of the staminate flower; L. Pistillate flowers, showing different colors; M, N. Fruits; O. Cross section of an immature capsule showing placenta.

  

Begonia erythrofolia Lei Cai, D.M.He & W.G.Wang, sp. nov. 
红背秋海棠 

Diagnosis: The new species is mostly similar to Begonia dielsiana, B. edulis and B. subhowii in having similar leaf shape and with erect stems when flowering, but differs from B. dielsiana in having leaves undivided or with 3 very shallow lobes (vs. 5–10 lobes shallowly divided), smaller pistillate flowers (21–28 mm vs. 40–50 mm in diameter), the number of pistillate tepals (5 vs. 6, rarely 5) and the color of the lower surface of leaf blade (dark red vs. green); differs from B. edulis in being a shorter plant (16–60 cm vs. 30–150 cm) with smaller leaves (12–30 × 8–25 cm vs. 12.8–43 × 14.5–40), blade undivided or with 3 very shallow lobes (vs. 5–13 shallowly lobed, divided to ca. 1/3 of leaf length); differs from B. subhowii in being a larger plant (16–60 cm vs. 13–28 cm) with leaf blades 12–30 × 8–25 cm (vs. 4.5–9 × 10–11 cm), and smaller bracts (18–26.7 mm vs. ca. 50 mm), and the color of leaf blade (upper surface dark green, abaxially red vs. green on both sides).


   

Etymology: The epithet “erythrofolia” is derived from two Latin words “erythro” meaning “red colored” and “folia” meaning “leaves” referring to its leaves which are dark red on the abaxial surface. 

Distribution and ecology: Begonia erythrofolia is endemic to China, currently known only from the type locality in karst region of Yunnan Province, Wenshan City, Xinjie Town, Caoguoshan Village, Qiqiutian. The species grows in humid rocky crevices under limestone forest. 


Lei Cai, De-Ming He, Tai-Wen Huang, Zhi-Ling Dao and Wen-Guang Wang. 2022. Begonia erythrofolia, A New Species of Begoniaceae from southeastern Yunnan, China. Taiwania. 67(1); 110-114. DOI: 10.6165/tai.2022.67.110 
   taiwania.NTU.edu.tw/abstract.php?type=abstract&id=1815
 facebook.com/TaiwaniaOffice/posts/3019577754930700

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[Fungi • 2022] Multi-locus Phylogeny unmasks Hidden Species within the Specialised Spider-parasitic Fungus, Gibellula (Ascomycota: Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) in Thailand

May 31, 2022, 8:03 am
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Gibellula sp. 

  Kuephadungphan, Petcharad, Tasanathai, Thanakitpipattana, ... et Luangsa-ard, 2022. 
 
Abstract 
Over 80 species of hypocrealean fungi are reported as pathogens of spiders and harvestmen. Among these fungi, the genus Gibellula is highly regarded as a specialised spider-killer that has never been reported to infect other arthropods. While more than 20 species of Gibellula are known, few attempts to identify the infected spiders have been made despite the fact that the host specificity can help identify the fungal species. Here, we morphologically describe and illustrate eight new species of Gibellula and three new records from Thailand of known species along with the multi-gene phylogeny that clearly showed the segregation among the proposed species. Examination of the Gibellula-infected spider hosts identified Oxyopidae, Uloboridae and, for the first time, the ant-mimicking genus Myrmarachne.

Keywords:Gibellula; araneogenous fungus; new taxa; spider predator


Gibellula 
 
  Kuephadungphan, W.; Petcharad, B.; Tasanathai, K.; Thanakitpipattana, D.; Kobmoo, N.; Khonsanit, A.; Samson, R.A. and Luangsa-ard, J.J. 2022. Multi-locus Phylogeny unmasks Hidden Species within the Specialised Spider-parasitic Fungus, Gibellula (Hypocreales, Cordycipitaceae) in Thailand.   Studies in Mycology. DOI: 10.3114/sim.2022.101.04
  facebook.com/WesterdijkInstitute/photos/2117097225147737/

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[Herpetology • 2022] Systematic Position of the Clicking Frog (Kassinula Laurent, 1940), the Problem of Chimeric Sequences and the Revised Classification of the Family Hyperoliidae

May 31, 2022, 7:20 pm
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Clicking Frog (Kassinula Laurent, 1940)

in Nečas, Kielgast, ... & Gvoždík, 2022. 
 
Highlights: 
• Phylogeny and systematics of the African frog family Hyperoliidae.
• Kassinula included for the first time in a multilocus phylogenetic reconstruction.
• Kassinula merits the genus-level status.
• Chimeric sequences are phylogenetically placed at misleading positions.
• Revised suprageneric taxonomy of the Hyperoliidae.

Abstract
The systematics of the African frog family Hyperoliidae has undergone turbulent changes in last decades. Representatives of several genera have not been genetically investigated or with only limited data, and their phylogenetic positions are thus still not reliably known. This is the case of the De Witte's Clicking Frog (Kassinula wittei) which belongs to a monotypic genus. This miniature frog occurs in a poorly studied region, southeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, northern Zambia, Angola. So far it is not settled whether this genus belongs to the subfamily Kassininae as a relative of the genus Kassina, or to the subfamily Hyperoliinae as a relative of the genus Afrixalus. Here we present for the first time a multilocus phylogenetic reconstruction (using five nuclear and one mitochondrial marker) of the family Hyperoliidae, including Kassinula. We demonstrate with high confidence that Kassinula is a member of Hyperoliinae belonging to a clade also containing Afrixalus (sub-Saharan Africa), Heterixalus (Madagascar) and Tachycnemis (Seychelles). We find that Kassinula represents a divergent lineage (17–25 Mya), which supports its separate genus-level status, but its exact systematic position remains uncertain. We propose to name the clade to which the above four genera belong as the tribe Tachycnemini Channing, 1989. A new taxonomy of the family Hyperoliidae was recently proposed by Dubois et al. (2021: Megataxa 5, 1–738). We demonstrate here that the new taxonomy was based on a partially erroneous phylogenetic reconstruction resulting from a supermatrix analysis of chimeric DNA sequences combining data from two families, Hyperoliidae and Arthroleptidae (the case of Cryptothylax). We therefore correct the erroneous part and propose a new, revised suprageneric taxonomy of the family Hyperoliidae. We also emphasize the importance of inspecting individual genetic markers before their concatenation or coalescent-based tree reconstructions to avoid analyses of chimeric DNA sequences producing incorrect phylogenetic reconstructions. Especially when phylogenetic reconstructions are used to propose taxonomies and systematic classifications.
 
Keywords: Afrotropics, Amphibians, Congo Basin, Suprageneric classification, Systematics




 
Tadeáš Nečas, Jos Kielgast, Zoltán T. Nagy, Zacharie Kusamba Chifundera and Václav Gvoždík. 2022. Systematic Position of the Clicking Frog (Kassinula Laurent, 1940), the Problem of Chimeric Sequences and the Revised Classification of the Family Hyperoliidae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. In Press, 107514. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107514


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[Botany • 2022] Eulophia myanmarica (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae) • A New Species from Myanmar and Notes on Geodorum densiflorum

May 31, 2022, 7:33 pm
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Eulophia myanmarica  

in Naive, Hein, Kumar & Ormerod, 2022.  
 facebook.com: Khant Zaw Hein

Abstract
Eulophia myanmarica, a species new to science is herein described from Monywa District, Sagaing Region, Myanmar. The species superficially resembles E. andamanensis but differs significantly in having 5-veined petals and sepals, narrowly oblong dorsal sepal with acute, slightly cucullate apex, obliquely narrowly oblong-elliptic lateral sepals and obliquely triangular sidelobes of the labellum. Detailed morphological description, a colour plate, notes on phenology, distribution, and a provisional conservation assessment are provided below. With this discovery, Myanmar now holds a total number of 19 Eulophia species. Additionally, after merging the genus Geodorum under Eulophia, a new name is needed for Geodorum densiflorum, for which taxonomic notes have been provided.

Keywords: Biodiversity, conservation, Geodorum densiflorum, Myanmar Flora, terrestrial orchid, Tropical botany, Monocots




Mark Arcebal K. Naive, Khant Zaw Hein, Pankaj Kumar and Paul Ormerod. 2022. Eulophia myanmarica (Orchidaceae), A New Species from Myanmar and Notes on Geodorum densiflorum. Phytotaxa. 548(2); 288-294. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.548.2.11
  facebook.com/100009669850110/posts/1720269064972072


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[Herpetology • 2022] Ancylodactylus kenyaensis, A. chyuluensis, A. laikipiensis, etc. • Resurrection of the African Gecko Genus Ancylodactylus Müller, 1907 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) and Description of Six New Species from Kenya

May 31, 2022, 7:54 pm
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 Ancylodactylus spawlsi 
Malonza & Bauer, 2022

 
Abstract
The genus Cnemaspis as presently construed is polyphyletic, with African, South Asian and Southeast Asian clades each representing independent lineages. The name Ancylodactylus Müller, 1907 is available for the African clade of forest geckos and features previously identified as putatively diagnostic of this group (loss or reduction of the second phalanx of digit IV of manus and pes, as well as a markedly dilated basal portions of the digits) are here regarded as characters supporting the monophyly of Ancylodactylus. Six new species of Ancylodactylus are described: A. kenyaensis sp. nov., A. kituiensis sp. nov., A. mathewsensis sp. nov., A. laikipiensis sp. nov., A. spawlsi sp. nov., and A.chyuluensis sp. nov. on the basis of unique combinations of body size, trunk and tail tubercles, median subcaudal scales, precloacal pores, enlarged subdigital plates, ventral color, and throat color and patterning. Ancylodactylus kenyaensis is among the largest members of the genus, reaching 65 mm SVL, whereas A. spawlsi and A. chyuluensis, with maximum SVLs of 30 mm or less, are the smallest of all members of the genus. All these geckos are chiefly scansorial, occurring on tree trunks, fallen logs and/or in rock outcrops. Ancylodactylus kituiensis and A. mathewsensis occur in isolated dryland hilltop forests surrounded by large tracts of arid lands and are locally abundant in suitable rock outcrops or caves, where they occur in small colonies. Ancylodactylus kenyaensis is a montane forest species found on tree trunks with cracks and crevices, whereas A. spawlsi is a montane forest species found in crevices and beneath loose bark of tree trunks as well as in rock crevices and slabs. Ancylodactylus laikipiensis is likewise both rupicolous and arboreal and A. chyuluensis has been taken only from a pitfall trap in a dry forest patch. All the new species are endemic to relatively small, circumscribed areas within Kenya and all occur within protected areas. At present we consider their IUCN conservation status to be Data Deficient. Herpetological surveys are recommended in other unexplored or under-explored forest areas, particularly hilltop montane forests in isolated dryland rocky hills as these may harbor other undescribed Ancylodactylus species or previously undocumented populations of known species.

Keywords: Reptilia, Cnemaspis, Gekkota, Kenya, description, taxonomy, forests, rock outcrops

 
 Ancylodactylus spawlsi sp. nov.
Holotype NMK-L3470 in life.
Photo by Stephen Spawls.


Patrick K. Malonza and Aaron M. Bauer. 2022. Resurrection of the African Gecko Genus Ancylodactylus Müller, 1907 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) and Description of Six New Species from Kenya. Zootaxa. 5141(2); 101-139. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5141.2.1 [2022-05-25]
 facebook.com/groups/EastAfricanReptiles/posts/5635704039792425

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[Ichthyology • 2021] Rakthamichthys mumba • A New Species of Hypogean Eel (Synbranchiformes: Synbranchidae) from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

May 31, 2022, 9:08 pm
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Rakthamichthys mumba 
Jayasimhan, Thackeray, Mohapatra & Kumar, 2021

 
Rakthamichthys mumba a new species of synbranchid, hypogean, eel is described from Mumbai City, Maharashtra, India, based on morphological and genetic analysis. It differs from all other species of the genus Rakthamichthys by a combination of characters viz., absence of eyes, jaws equal in forward extent, gill aperture crescentric shaped, cephalic-lateralis system distinct with prominent cephalic pores and a vertebral count of 164 (80-83 preanal + 81-84 caudal vertebrae). The new species differs from a pair-wise sequence of 21.6-22.8% in the COI gene sequence from other members of the genus Rakthamichthys.





  Jayasimhan Praveenraj, Tejas Thackeray, Anil Mohapatra and Annam Pavan-Kumar. 2021. Rakthamichthys mumba, A New Species of Hypogean Eel (Teleostei: Synbranchidae) from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Aqua. 50(3); 
doi.org/10.23788/IEF-1163
instagram.com/p/CUYpWRlI-vJ
aqua-aquapress.com/product/aqua-273_rakthamichthys-mumba

    


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[Botany • 2022] Hippeastrum carassense & H. velloziflorum (Amaryllidaceae) • Out of the Mud: Two New Species of Hippeastrum from the Doce and Jequitinhonha River Basins, Brazil

May 31, 2022, 9:29 pm
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Hippeastrum velloziflorum Campos-Rocha & Meerow, 

in Campos-Rocha, Meerow, Machado, ... et Dutilh, 2022. 

Abstract
In 2015, Brazil faced the worst environmental disaster in its history, when the collapse of an iron ore dam dumped millions of tons of tailings into the Doce River. In this paper, we describe two Hippeastrum species native to localities directly involved in the tragedy. The dam was located in the foothills of Serra do Caraça, a mountain range in the state of Minas Gerais, from where we describe the endemic H. carassense; H. velloziflorum was first found on an inselberg located on the banks of the Doce River, in the neighboring state of Espírito Santo. Comments on their distribution, ecology, and phenology are provided, as well as comparisons with the most similar taxa. The conservation status of the two new species is preliminarily assessed, and both are considered threatened with extinction. We also compared their leaf anatomy and micromorphology with related species of Amaryllidaceae. Based on nrDNA ITS, we infer the phylogenetic position of H. velloziflorum, a taxon with several unique morphological characters for Hippeastrum, as the first branch in subgenus Hippeastrum. The placement of H. velloziflorum in Hippeastrum is also supported by anatomical and cytological data. The somatic chromosome number was 2n = 22, and the karyotype formula was 2n = 8m + 12sm + 2st chromosome pairs. An identification key to the species of Hippeastrum occurring in the Doce and Jequitinhonha River basins is presented.

Keywords: Atlantic forest, Endemism, Inselbergs, Leaf anatomy, Nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer, Systematics

Hippeastrum carassense Campos-Rocha & R.C.Mota
a Habit. b Detail of leaf venation, adaxial surface. c Spathe bract. d Flower, frontal view. e Flower with removed perigone, showing stamens and style. f Longitudinal section of the ovary. g Stigma. h Sepals and petals: shape and apices. i1 Upper sepal. i2 Lateral petal. i3 Lateral sepal. i4 Lower petal.
Drawn by Klei Sousa from R.C. Mota 2747

a View of Serra do Caraça from Bento Rodrigues, the first village hit and completely buried by the mudslide; Pico do Inficionado and Pico do Sol (arrows), part of Germano mining complex (asterisk).
 b–d Hippeastrum carassense. b Flowering plant. c–d Flower, frontal view (c; detail of paraperigone). e Flower, lateral view


Hippeastrum carassense Campos-Rocha & R.C.Mota, sp. nov.

Diagnosis: Hippeastrum carassense is similar to H. diniz-cruziae Dutilh & Semir, but differs by having a shorter tube (up to 0.8 cm long) and a scalelike paraperigone (vs. tube 0.9–1.8 cm and paraperigone of bristles in H. diniz-cruziae). It may be related to H. cipoanum (Ravenna) Meerow, from which it is readily distinguished by its lorate leaves (vs. linear leaves in H. cipoanum).

Etymology: The specific epithet refers to Serra of Caraça, the locality to which the new species is endemic.


Hippeastrum velloziflorum Campos-Rocha & Meerow. 
a Habit. b Leaf. c Detail of leaf venation, adaxial surface. d Inflorescence with floral buds. e Flower, frontal view. f Sepals and petals. g1 Upper sepal. g2 Lateral petal. g3 Lateral sepal. g4 Lower petal. h Distal portion of the flower in cross section. i Stigma. j Longitudinal section of the ovary. k Cross section of the ovary. l Capsule. m Seed.
Drawn by Klei Sousa; a-g from A.P. Fontana 6070, h-m from A. Campos-Rocha 2772

Hippeastrum velloziflorum Campos-Rocha & Meerow. 
a Morro Maquiji (general view of the inselberg). b Granite extraction in the foothills of Maquiji.
c Vegetation islands in the higher areas of Maquiji. d Plants in habitat. e Bulbs and flowers buds. f Detail of spathe bracts. g Flowers, back view. h Anthers nearly at the same height. i Flowering plants. j Mature fruits. k Detail of the surface of the seed. l–o Seed.
 Scale bars k 50 µm; l–o 2 mm; h 4 mm


Hippeastrum velloziflorumCampos-Rocha & Meerow, sp. nov.

Diagnosis: Hippeastrum velloziflorum has unique leaves and flowers among all Hippeastrum. Its leaves are falcate and somewhat fleshy, resembling the leaves of Worsleya procera (Lem.) Traub (tribe Griffinieae). The flowers of H. velloziflorum are erect, salverform, and nearly actinomorphic and exhibit an unprecedented arrangement of their stamens, which are quite short in length. It may be related to H. brasilianum, another white-flowered species endemic to inselbergs in southeastern Brazil, from which it is distinguishable even vegetatively by its conspicuously falcate, fleshy leaves (vs. lorate and papery in H. brasilianum).

 Etymology: The specific epithet makes reference to the amazing resemblance of the flowers and those of some species of Vellozia Vand. (Velloziaceae), in particular white ones with hypanthia elongated into a tube. Vellozia is one of the most representative elements of saxicolous vegetation on inselbergs in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (Porembski 2003), habitat where Hippeastrum velloziflorum is known to occur.


Antonio Campos-Rocha, Alan W. Meerow, Raquel M. Machado, Juliana L. S. Mayer, Rubens C. da Mota, André P. Fontana, Otávio B. C. Ribeiro, Nicolás B. García and Julie H. A. Dutilh. 2022. Out of the Mud: Two New Species of Hippeastrum (Amaryllidaceae) from the Doce and Jequitinhonha River Basins, Brazil. Plant Systematics and Evolution. 308: 22. DOI: 10.1007/s00606-022-01805-3 

   

    

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[Botany • 2022] Allium izmirense (Amaryllidaceae) • A New Species of Allium sect. Codonoprasum Rchb. from Turkey

June 1, 2022, 1:13 am
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 Allium izmirense Pirhan, 

in Pirhan, 2022. 

Allium izmirense Pirhan, sp. nov. (Amaryllidaceae) is described here as a new species. Diagnostic morphological characters, a full description, and detailed illustrations are given herein. Allium izmirense Pirhan, sp. nov. is restricted to Mt. Güme, a part of the Aydın Mountains series near the Tire District of İzmir Province in western Anatolia, Turkey. According to its morphological features, it belongs to Allium sect. Codonoprasum. It shows morphological similarities to A. carlstroemi C. Catt., A. stamineum Boiss., A. armenum Boiss., A. tchihatschewii subsp. dumanii (Koyuncu & Koçyigit) Yild., A. hoshabicum Fırat, and A. huber-morathii Kollman, which belong to the same section. Allium izmirense sp. nov. is close related to A. carlstroemi. It is easily distinguished from this species mainly by its outer tunic papyraceous; cylindrical and pubescent leaves; leaf sheaths for 1/3-1/2 of the stem length; spathe shorter valves 0.5-1.4 cm long, longer valves 1.4-3(-6) cm long; pedicels length 0.5-1.5 cm; tepal pinkish purple, with distinct midrib, length 2.5-3.5 mm; style 2-3 mm long. According to the IUCN criteria A. izmirense Pirhan, sp. nov. is suggested as Critically Endangered (CR) B2ab (ii,iii,v).

KEYWORDS: Amaryllidaceae, pollen morphology, seed morphology, İzmir, western Anatolia, new species

 Allium izmirense Pirhan, sp. nov.:
A, habitus; B, early stage of flower; C, perigone with shorter filaments; D, perigone with longer filaments; E, details of the sheath; F, ovary; G, capsule.
Drawn by Seval Erdem. 
Scale bars: A, 3 cm; B, F, 1 mm; C, D, G, 2 mm; E, 1 cm.

 Allium izmirense Pirhan, sp. nov.: 
A-E, inflorescence; F, blooming; G, individuals in field; H, leaf and leaf sheath indumentum; I, individuals in fruiting stage.




Ademi Fahri Pirhan. 2022. Allium izmirense Pirhan, sp. nov. (Amaryllidaceae), A New Species of Allium sect. Codonoprasum Rchb. from Turkey.  ADANSONIA. 44(13); 133-140. 
  sciencepress.MNHN.fr/en/periodiques/adansonia/44/13
 twitter.com/Publi_MNHN/status/1521484597036560389
 
Allium izmirense Pirhan, sp. nov. (Amaryllidaceae), une espèce nouvelle d'Allium sect. Codonoprasum Rchb. de Turquie.

Allium izmirense Pirhan, sp. nov. (Amaryllidaceae) est décrit ici comme une nouvelle espèce. Les caractères morphologiques diagnostiques, une description complète, et des illustrations détaillées sont fournis. Allium izmirense Pirhan, sp. nov. est limité au mont Güme, une partie des monts Aydın, près du district de Tire (province d'İzmir, Anatolie occidentale, Turquie). D'après ses caractéristiques morphologiques, le taxon nouveau appartient à la section Codonoprasum du genre Allium. Il présente des similitudes morphologiques avec A. carlstroemi C. Catt., A. stamineum Boiss., A. armenum Boiss., A. tchihatschewii subsp. dumanii (Koyuncu & Koçyigit) Yild., A. hoshabicum Fırat et A. huber-morathii Kollman, qui appartiennent à la même section. Allium izmirense Pirhan, sp. nov. est un proche parent de A. carlstroemi. Il se distingue facilement de cette espèce par sa tunique externe papyracée, ses feuilles cylindriques et pubescentes, ses gaines foliaires sur 1/3-½ de la longueur de la tige, ses spathes à valves courtes de 0,5-1,4 cm de long, à valves plus longues de 1,4-3(-6) cm de long, ses pédicelles de 0,5-1,5 cm de long, son tépale rose pourpre, à nervure médiane distincte, de 2,5-3,5 mm de long, son style de 2-3 mm de long. Selon les critères de l'UICN, A. izmirense Pirhan, sp. nov. est suggéré comme étant en danger critique d'extinction (CR) B2ab (ii, iii, v).

    

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[Botany • 2021] Leptocereus velozianus (Cactaceae) • Phylogenetics of Leptocereus on Hispaniola: Clarifying Species Limits in the L. weingartianus complex and A New Species from the Sierra de Bahoruco

June 1, 2022, 1:40 am
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 Leptocereus velozianus Clase, Y.Encarn., Peguero & Majure, 

in Majure, Encarnación, Clase, Peguero, Ho & Barrios, 2021. 
DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.172.59497
Photos taken by L.C. Majure.

Abstract
The Antillean genus Leptocereus represents an in-situ radiation among the Greater and Lesser Antilles of 19 currently recognized species. Extensive fieldwork carried out in the Dominican Republic over recent years has revealed that the species limits of Leptocereus of Hispaniola are more complex than previously thought. There are four currently recognized species that occur on the island, L. demissus, L. paniculatus, L. undulosus and L. weingartianus. We evaluate species limits in this group based on DNA sequence data and phylogenetic analysis, morphological characters and a survey of herbarium specimens from across Hispaniola. Based on our analyses, it is clear that at least five species occur on the island of Hispaniola, with the new species from Sierra de Bahoruco, L. velozianus, described here. We provide an identification key, distribution maps and photographic plates for all species on Hispaniola based on our own fieldwork and the study of herbarium specimens. The description of yet another species of Leptocereus on Hispaniola reiterates the importance of the poorly studied, but yet biodiverse, seasonally dry tropical forest in the Antilles.

Keywords: Biodiversity, Greater Antilles, plastome phylogeny, Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest

Leptocereus velozianus Clase, Y.Encarn., Peguero & Majure. 
A–C stems showing crenate margins D, E cross sections showing 4-5 ribbed stems, also showing large crystals in the parenchyma F day old flower showing rounded external tepal apices and spiny pericarpel, and G immature fruit showing spiny pericarpel and remnant floral tube.
 A from Majure 7842, and B–F from Majure 7843.

Leptocereus velozianus Clase, Y.Encarn., Peguero & Majure. 
A small tree habit of L. velozianus alongside T. Clase for scale B, C arching branches and spine color D trunk and bark E growing stem showing white spines as they mature F spiny, immature fruit G colliculate-pitted seed, and H stems with immature fruit, showing crenate rib margins.
A, D, F, G from Majure 7851 B, C, H from Majure 7843, and E from Majure 7842. 
Photos taken by L.C. Majure.

 Leptocereus velozianus Clase, Y.Encarn., Peguero & Majure, sp. nov.
 
Diagnosis: Differing from both L. weingartianus and L. demissus by the white young spines (vs. yellowish spines) and larger stem diameter (up to 3.7 cm in diameter in L. velozianus). Differing from L. demissus by the erect, primary trunk rather than the sprawling growth form, and oblong hypanthium in L. velozianus rather than obconic hypanthium as in L. demissus.

 Etymology: The specific epithet, “velozianus” is given honoring the Dominican botanist Alberto Veloz, who is the Head and Curator of the Herbarium JBSD of the “Dr. Rafael M. Moscoso” National Botanical Garden of Dominican Republic. For 27 years, Veloz has dedicated his life to the study of the Hispaniolan flora and has conducted extensive fieldwork across the island, with many collections from the Sierra de Bahoruco, where this new species was found. Together with other botanists he has collected over 10,000 specimens and has published several papers on the flora in national and international journals. His publications have included different approaches, such as floristics, taxonomy, ecology and conservation. Veloz has also contributed to the formation of young botanists by involving students as part of the staff in the herbarium JBSD and through fieldwork.


 Lucas C. Majure, Yuley Encarnación, Teodoro Clase, Brígido Peguero, Kelly Ho and Duniel Barrios. 2021. Phylogenetics of Leptocereus (Cactaceae) on Hispaniola: Clarifying Species Limits in the L. weingartianus complex and A New Species from the Sierra de Bahoruco. PhytoKeys. 172: 17-37. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.172.59497

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[Herpetology • 2019] Liurana vallecula • A New Species of the Endemic Himalayan Genus Liurana (Anura: Ceratobatrachidae) from southeastern Tibet, China, with Comments on the Distribution, Reproductive Biology, and Conservation of the Genus

June 1, 2022, 1:58 am
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Liurana vallecula 
 Jiang, Wang, Wang, Li & Che, 2019

 Valley Papilla-tongued Frog | 河谷舌突蛙  ||  DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2019.025

ABSTRACT 
A new species of the genus Liurana Dubois, 1986 is described from Medog County, Tibet, China, based on morphological and molecular data. The new species can be differentiated from all other congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) head wider than long; (2) tympanum distinct and large; (3) hindlimb long, tibiotarsal articulation beyond tip of snout when adpressed; (4) belly with flat tubercles, cloacal region with small tubercles; (5) transverse bands distinctly on dorsal limbs, four bands on thigh and three on tibia; and, (6) dark brown marbled patterns or speckles on white belly. Here, we also discuss the distribution pattern of Liurana in the East Himalaya region, the role of the Yarlung Tsangpo River in the speciation and genetic isolation of congeners, the direct developmental mode of reproduction, and the two different ecotypes of the genus. Lastly, we provide conservation recommendations for the genus in southeastern Tibet.

Keywords: Advertisement call; Biogeography; Ecology; Natural history; Tibet; Taxonomy



 Holotype of Liurana vallecula sp. nov. in life (adult female, KIZ014083)
 A: Dorsolateral view; B: Ventral view; C: Ventral close-up of hand; D: Ventral close-up of feet.
Photos by Yu-Fan Wang.


Liurana vallecula sp. nov.  

Diagnosis: Liurana vallecula sp. nov. is assigned to the genus Liurana by its phylogenetic position and the following morphological characters: (1) body size small (SVL 14.6–20.4 mm, n=2); (2) tips of fingers and toes not expanded, (3) grooves absent on tips of fingers and toes; (4) webbing absent on all digits; (5) metacarpal tubercles and metatarsal tubercles absent; (6) tarsal fold absent; and (7) vocal sac and vocal sac openings absent.

Ecological and natural history notes: Liurana vallecula sp. nov. is a terrestrial, leaf-litter specialist, inhabiting the forest floor of tropical broad-leaf forest at low elevations (below 1 000 m a.s.l.) near Yarlung Zangbo River and its immediate tributaries. The female holotype had about five immature eggs in the left ovary, which were well developed and relatively large.

 Distribution: Currently the new species is known only from the type localities of Xirang and Maniweng of Beibeng, Medog County, Nyingchi Prefecture, Tibet, China. The new species likely inhabits other nearby regions in southern Tibet (see Discussion below).

 Etymology: The specific epithet of the new species, “vallecula” means “valley inhabitor”, in reference to the habitat of this species in the lower river valley of Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon. 
We suggest Valley Papilla-tongued Frog as its English common name 
and He Gu She Tu Wa (河谷舌突蛙) as its Chinese common name.


Ke Jiang, Kai Wang, Yu-Fan Wang, Cheng Li and Jing Che. 2019. A New Species of the Endemic Himalayan Genus Liurana (Anura, Ceratobatrachidae) from southeastern Tibet, China, with Comments on the Distribution, Reproductive Biology, and Conservation of the Genus. Zoological Research. 40(3); 175-184. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2019.025
 
New Tibertan Species of Genus Liurana (Anura, Ceratobatrachidae) Discovered 
   

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[Botany • 2021] Begonia nangunheensis (Begoniaceae, sect. Platycentrum) • A New Species from Yunnan, China

June 1, 2022, 2:12 am
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Begonia nangunheensis Y.M. Shui & W.H. Chen,

in Guo, Chen, ... et Shui, 2021. 

Abstract
Begonia nangunheensis belonging to Begonia sect. Platycentrum is described and illustrated as a new species in Caryota obtusa forests in Yunnan province of China. It is similar to Begonia siamensis in 3-winged fruits, 2-loculed ovary and axile placentation with 2 segments per locule, but differs in its glabrous petiole and abaxial leaf-blade, ovate outer tepals and oblanceolate to narrowly obovate inner tepals of staminate flower, and the unequal pistillate tepals. The new species is assigned to Critically Endangered according to the guidelines of IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (version 13).

Keywords: Begonia sect. Platycentrum, Begonia siamensis, Southwestern China, Thailand, Eudicots


Begonia nangunheensis Y.M. Shui & W.H. Chen, sp. nov.
A. Habit; B. Male flower; C. FemaleFlower; D. The middle section of ovary; E. Fruit.
Scale bar: A=4 cm, B–E=1 cm. All based on the holotype. 
(Drawn by Ling Wang) 

 Flowers and fruits of Begonia nangunheensis Y.M. Shui & W.H. Chen, sp. nov.
A. Inflorescence with flowers and fruits; B. Pistillate flowers: different view; C. Inflorescence: staminate and pistillate flowers and fruit: lateral view; D. Staminate and pistillate flowers; E. Staminate flower and fruit; F. Pistillate flower, lateral view; G. Staminate flower, back view; H. Face view of staminate flower; I. Front view of androecium; J. Face view of pistillate flower; K. Style; L. Pistillate flower, styles and fruit; M. Middle cross section of ovary.
Scale bar: A-G, J, L = 2 cm, H & M= 1 cm, I & K = 2 mm. A-L. 
Photographed by Jin-Chao Zhao, M by Luo-Yan Li.

 Habitat and morphology of Begonia nangunheensis Y.M. Shui & W.H. Chen, sp. nov.
 A. Habitat: Caryota obtusa forest; B. Habitat: cliff; C. Whole plant and inflorescence; D. Leaf and young inflorescence; E. Whole plant and rhizome; F. Leaf: adaxial surface; G. Leaf: abaxial surface.
Scale bar: C-D = 5 cm, E = 8 cm, F-G = 4 cm. A-E. 
Photographed by Jin-Chao Zhao, F and G by Yu-Min Shui.

Begonia nangunheensis Y.M. Shui & W.H. Chen, sp. nov.

 The new species is most similar to Begonia siamensis Gagnepain in 3-winged fruits, 2-loculed ovary and axile placentation with 2 segments per locule, but differs in its petiole glabrous (vs. dense brown pubescent in B. siamensis)and leaf blade abaxially glabrous ( vs. dense brown pubescent), ovate and 2.0–2.3 × 1.3–1.6 cm (vs. broadly-ovate to orbicular and 1–1.5 × 1–1.2 cm) outer tepals and oblanceolate to narrowly obovate (vs. oblong) inner tepals of staminate flower, and the unequal (vs. nearly equal size) pistillate tepals. 

Etymology: The epithet ‘nangunheensis’ refers to the type locality: Nangunhe National Natural Reserve.


Shi-Wei Guo, Wen-Hong Chen, Aung Aung, Sirilak Radbouchoom, Jin-Chao Zhao, Zhi Hong Li and Yu-Min Shui. 2021. Begonia nangunheensis, A New Species of Begoniaceae from Yunnan province, China. Phytotaxa. 480(2); 201–209. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.480.2.9
 Researchgate.net/publication/348632682_Begonia_nangunheensis_a_new_species_from_Yunnan_China

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[Botany • 2021] Begonia glabritepala, B. lanxangensis, B. viriditenebris, etc. • Seven New Species and Seven New Records of Begonia L. (Begoniaceae) in the Flora of Laos

June 1, 2022, 2:46 am
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(A) Begonia glabritepala Souvann. et Lanors. 
(B) B. heteracantha Souvann. et Lanors. 
(C) B. lanxangensis Souvann. et Aver. 
(D) B. parviglandulosa Souvann. et Lanors. 
(E) B. pseudobrandisiana Souvann. et Lanors.
(F) B. tripartifolia Souvann. et Lanors. 

in Souvannakhoummane, Lanorsavanh & Averyanov, 2021. 
Photographs by S. Lanorsavanh (A, B, D–F) and K. Souvannakhoummane (C).

Abstract
New species of Begonia L. in the flora of Laos presented in this paper were mainly found in the course of botanical surveys made in Hin Nam No National Protected Area, Nam Phouy National Protected Area, Khammouane Karst Forest, and Phou Khao Khouay National Protected Area.Additionally, herbaria presently available in Laos (HNL, FOF, NUoL, FRC), living plants, and alcohol preserved material at Pha Tad Ke Botanical Garden and the data accessible online at BM, E, K, LE, NY, P, and PE Herbaria were critically studied. The study conducted during 2012–2019 reveals seven new species for science and seven species newly recorded for the flora of Lao PDR. 

Species described as new for science are: Begonia glabritepala (found in Khammouane Province; it is most close to B. pierrei but differs in glabrous outer tepals of staminate flowers, pistillate flowers, capsules, petioles, peduncles and pedicles), B. heterocantha (found in Sainyabuli Province; most close to B. depingiana but differs in reddish purple, glandular pubescent abaxial leaf surface, glandular pubescent pedicel, and outer tepals of pistillate flowers sparsely white glandular pubescent), B. lanxangensis (found in Vientiane Province; most close to B. paleacea but differs in elongate tubers, ovate-lanceolate, obscurely asymmetrical to symmetrical leaves, and glabrous pedicels), B. parviglandulosa (found in Vientiane Province; most close to B. martabanica but differs in smaller habit, reniform-cordate leaves and glandular indumentum on peduncle, pedicle and capsules), B. pseudobrandisiana (found in Khammouane Province; most close to B. brandisiana but differs in pistillate flowers with five elliptic-oblanceolate tepals), B. tripartifolia (found in Khammouane Province; most close to B. tricuspidata but differs in leaves palmate triangular-ovate, with deeply lobed lacerate margin, pistillate flower of five tepals, and ovary with unequal wing), and B. viriditenebris (found in Khammouane Province; most close to B. sinuata but differs in single leaf, indumentum of bristle hairs and reddish or bronzy green adaxial leaf surface, and three styles). 

The following species discovered and recorded for the flora of Laos at first are: B. hatacoa (known in Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam), B. hemsleyana (China, Vietnam), B. labordei (NE India, Myanmar, S China, Vietnam), B. longifolia (tropical zone from NE India to Indonesia), B. minuscula (Vietnam), B. parvula (S China), and B. subperfoliata (Myanmar, Thailand, S Vietnam). Descriptions and line drawings are provided for all newly described species. Photographic illustrations, data on phenology, habitat, and notes on morphological variations and relations are given for all studied species.

Keywords: local endemism, new species, plant diversity, plant taxonomy, Indochine

Begonia glabritepala Souvann. et Lanors.: 
A – Flowering plant in natural habitat, flowers and capsule.
B. heteracantha Souvann. et Lanors.: 
B – Flowering plant in natural habitat, flower and capsules.

B. lanxangensis Souvann. et Aver.: 
C – Flowering plants in natural habitat.
B. parviglandulosa Souvann. et Lanors.: 
D – Flowering plants in natural habitat, pistillate flowers and capsule.

B. pseudobrandisiana Souvann. et Lanors.:
E – Flowering plant in natural habitat, inflorescence and pistillate flower.
B. tripartifolia Souvann. et Lanors.: 
F – Flowering plant in natural habitat and flowers.

Photographs by S. Lanorsavanh (A, B, D–F) and K. Souvannakhoummane (C).

Begonia glabritepala Souvann. et Lanors., sp. nov. 
(B. sect. Reichenheimia (Klotzsch) A. DC.)

Diagnosis. The species is similar to B. pierrei Gagnep. in habit but differs in having glabrous outer tepals of staminate flowers, pistillate flowers, capsules, petioles, peduncles, and pedicles (vs. all mentioned plant parts pilose) (Fig. 1, 2A).

— The specific epithet refers to glabrous tepals.

Distribution. This species is endemic to Hin Nam No National Protected Area (Khammouane Province, Boualapha District). 

Ecology and phenology. Wet rock crevices in humid places of limestone deciduous forest. Flowers from August to October, fruits in October. 

Vernacular name. Som Saeng Pha (hill begonia).


Begonia heterocantha Souvann. et Lanors., sp. nov.
 (B. sect. Lauchea (Klotzsch) A. DC.) 

Diagnosis. This species is close to B. depingiana Y. H. Tan et H. B. Ding in its tuberiferous habitus, distichous alternate leaves, and 3-locular ovary (Hong-Bo et al., 2020b). From mentioned species, it differs in reddish purple, glandular pubescent abaxial leaf surface (vs. abaxial surface light green, densely white villous), glandular pubescent pedicel (vs. pedicel puberulous), and outer tepals of pistillate flowers sparsely white glandular pubescent (vs. tepals almost glabrous, light pinkish) (Fig. 2B, 3).

— The specific epithet refers to dorsal wing of capsule that looks like broad spine.

Distribution. Endemic to Nam Phouy National Protected Area (Sainyabuli Province, Thongmixai District). 

Ecology and phenology. Wet sandy soil in deciduous forest mixed with bamboo. Flowers in September, fruits in October. 

Vernacular name. Som Koung Khao Dang (white speckled begonia).


 Begonia lanxangensis Souvann. et Aver.:
A -Flowering plant; B -staminate flower, frontal view; C, DPistillate flowers, frontal and side views; E -Ovary, cross section; F -Style and stigmatic bands; G -Anthers, lateral, dorsal and ventral views.
Scale bars: A -2 cm; B-F -1 cm; G, H -1 mm. 
Drawn by K. Souvannakhoummane.

Begonia lanxangensis Souvann. et Aver., sp. nov. 
(B. sect. Monophyllon A. DC.) 

Diagnosis. This species is closest to B. paleacea Kurz in having inflorescences arising from the base of the leaves, but it differs in having elongate tubers (vs. tubers globose), ovate-lanceolate, obscurely asymmetrical to symmetrical leaves (vs. leaves distinctly asymmetrical, ovate to orbiculate), and glabrous pedicels (vs. pedicels glandular pubescent) (Fig. 2C, 4).

— The species epithet refers the old name of Lao PDR, which means “Kingdom of million elephants”, as well as Phou Khao Khouay National Protected Area is one of a few elephant habitats still existing in the country.

Distribution. Known only from type locality at Phou Khao Khouay National Protected Area (Vientiane Province). 

Ecology and phenology. Moist mossy rocks in seasonally dry evergreen forest mixed with bamboo on the hill slopes. Flowers in May – June. 

Vernacular name. Som Koung Lane Xang (million elephant begonia).


Begonia parviglandulosa Souvann. et Lanors., sp. nov. 
(B. sect. Parvibegonia A. DC.)

Diagnosis. The plant is most similar to B. martabanica A. DC. but differs in smaller habitus, reniform-cordate leaves (vs. leaves ovate), peduncle, pedicle and capsules with glandular hairs (vs. pubescent with simple hairs) (Fig. 2D, 5).

— The specific epithet refers characteristic glandular indumentum.

Distribution. Endemic of Phou Khao Khouay National Protected Area (Vientiane Province).

 Ecology and phenology. Moist mossy rocks in seasonally dry evergreen forest mixed with bamboo near stream. Flowers in July – October, fruits in October – November.

Vernacular name. Som Koung Noi (weed begonia).


Begonia pseudobrandisiana Souvann. et Lanors., sp. nov. 
(B. sect. Reichenheimia (Klotzsch) A. DC.) 

 Diagnosis. The new species is similar to B. brandisiana Kurz but differs in pistillate flowers having five tepals (vs. pistillate flowers with two tepals), outer pairs of tepals of both staminate and pistillate flowers elliptic-oblanceolate (vs. tepals orbiculate) (Fig. 2E, 6).

— The specific epithet refers to the superficial similarity of the new species with Begonia brandisiana.

Distribution. This species known only from Tham Nang Ene Cave Preserved Area (Khammouane Province, Thakheak District). 

Ecology and phenology. Rock on limestone hills covered by deciduous forest in association with Globba sp., Zingiber sp., Impatiens sp., and Argostemma sp. Flowers in June – August, fruits in July – September. 

Vernacular name. Som Koung Bai Dok Thong (butea leaf begonia).


Begonia tripartifolia Souvann. et Lanors., sp. nov. 
(B. sect. Reichenheimia (Klotzsch) A. DC.) 

Diagnosis. The species is similar to B. tricuspidata C. B. Clarke from B. sect. Alicida C. B. Clarke but differs in having leaves palmate triangular-ovate, with deeply lobed lacerate margin (vs. leaves ovate with almost entire or crenate margin), pistillate flower with five tepals (vs. pistillate flowers with four tepals), ovary with unequal wings, dorsal wing smaller, triangular, lateral wings broadly lunate (vs. ovary with subequal wings) (Fig. 2F, 7).

— The specific epithet means deeply lobed, mainly tripartite leaves.

Distribution. Endemic of Mahaxay Karst Area (Khammouane Province, Mahaxay District). 

Ecology and phenology. Limestone rocks on wet slopes in open forest or scrub in association with Microchirita sp., Argostemma sp., and Adiantum sp. 

Vernacular name. Som Koung Bai Seak (deeply lobe-leaved begonia).


Begonia viriditenebris Lanors. et Souvann.: 
A – Flowering plant, flowers and capsule.
B. hatacoa Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don: 
B – Flowering plant in natural habitat and staminate flowers.

 B. hemsleyana Hook. f.: 
C – Flowering plants in natural habitat and pistillate flowers.
B. labordei H. Lév.: 
D – Inflorescence with staminate and pistillate flowers.

B. longifolia Blume: E – Pistillate flower.
B. minuscula Aver.: 
F – Flowering plants in natural habitat, inflorescences and rhizomes.
Photographs by S. Lanorsavanh (A, C–D) and K. Souvannakhoummane (B, E–F).

  Begonia viriditenebris Lanors. et Souvann.:
A -Flowering plant; B, C -Pistillate flowers, frontal and side views; D, E -Staminate flowers, frontal and side views; F -Ovary, cross section; G -Style and stigmatic bands, side view; H -Stamens, dorsal and side views; I -Capsule, lateral view.
Scale bars: A -2 cm; B-F, I -5 mm; G-H -1 mm. 
Drawn by K. Souvannakhoummane.

Begonia viriditenebris Lanors. et Souvann., sp. nov.
 (B. sect. Parvibegonia A. DC.) 

 Diagnosis. This new species is similar to B. sinuata Wall. ex Meisn. but differs in single leaf, indumentum of bristle hairs and reddish or bronzy green adaxial leaf surface (vs. two-three leaves, indumentum of stellate hairs and dark green adaxial surface of leaf), three styles (vs. two styles), and glandular hairy pedicels (vs. pedicels with stellate hairs) (Fig. 8, 9A).

— The specific epithet means the bronzy-green leaf color.

Distribution. Endemic to Tham Nang Ene Cave area (Khammoune Province, Thakheak District). 

Ecology and phenology. Wet limestone and granite rock in association with Asplenium sp., Adiantum sp., Globba sp., and Zingiber sp. Flowers in June – August, fruits in September – October. 

Vernacular name. Som Koung Tham (cave begonia).
 

Keooudone Souvannakhoummane, Soulivanh Lanorsavanh and Leonid V. Averyanov. 2021. Seven New Species and Seven New Records of Begonia L. (Begoniaceae) in the Flora of Laos. Turczaninowia. 24(2); 99-119. DOI: 10.14258/turczaninowia.24.2.12 
Researchgate.net/publication/353133330_Seven_new_species_of_Begonia_Flora_of_Laos

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[Botany • 2022] Cyrtanthus novus-annus (Amaryllidaceae: Cyrtantheae) • A New Species of Cyrtanthus from the Agulhas Plain, Western Cape, South Africa

June 1, 2022, 3:36 am
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Cyrtanthus novus-annus Snijman, 

in Snijman, 2022.
 
Highlights
• A new species, Cyrtanthus novus-annus adds another narrowly endemic species on the Agulhas Plain, South Africa.
• Based on morphology Cyrtanthus novus-annus is inferred to be sister to C. guthrieae.
• The species pair occupies divergent edaphic sites.

Abstract
Described is a new species of Cyrtanthus within the monogeneric tribe Cyrtantheae (Amaryllidaceae: Amaryllidoideae) from the low-lying Agulhas Plain, Western Cape, South Africa. Known from the Nuwejaars Wetlands area, Cyrtanthus novus-annus occupies habitats transitional between Elim Ferricrete Fynbos and Central Rûens Shale Renosterveld. The erect, mostly solitary-flowered inflorescence has a nearly sessile, funnel-shaped flower in common with C. guthrieae, which occurs on the mountains close to Bredasdorp in acidic soils of Overberg Sandstone Fynbos. The two species differ in the size, colouring, and markings of the flowers and in their flowering times. Their morphological similarity and the close proximity of their habitats suggest that C. novus-annus and C. guthrieae constitute an example of edaphically differentiated sister taxa, a pattern found in several other endemics of the region, as well as in the sister pair Brunsvigia elandsmontana and B. marginata (tribe Amaryllideae) from contrasting habitats in Swartland lowland alluvium and the abutting sandstone mountains, respectively.
 
Keywords: Core Cape Floristic Region, Edaphic differentiation, Endemics, South Africa, Taxonomy

 Flowering plants. A–C, Cyrtanthus novus-annus;
D, C. guthrieae.
Photographs by G. Nichols (A and B); J. Manning (C); C. Paterson-Jones (D).


Cyrtanthus novus-annus Snijman, sp. nov.

New species allied to C. guthrieae L.Bolus, with which it has few, linear leaves, an erect, mostly solitary-flowered inflorescence and a nearly sessile, funnel-shaped flower. It differs in its lower stature, ± 160 mm when flowering, smaller delicate pink flowers which appear in mid to late summer, smaller tepals 20–25 × 7–8 mm with dark pink keels, and short stamens exserted from the throat by 10–15 mm.

Etymology: The species epithet honours the recent restoration of biodiversity in the Nuwejaars Wetlands area.



   
 D.A. Snijman. 2022. A New Species of Cyrtanthus (Amaryllidaceae: Cyrtantheae) from the Agulhas Plain, Western Cape, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany. 148; 601-604. DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2022.05.027

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[Paleontology • 2022] Chemnitzion richteri • A New Basal Zatracheid Temnospondyl from the early Permian Chemnitz Fossil Lagerstätte, central-east Germany

June 1, 2022, 8:53 am
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Chemnitzion richteri 
Werneburg, Witzmann, Schneider & Rößler, 2022

Artwork by Frederik Spindler.

Abstract
A new zatracheid temnospondyl adds to the fossil-rich T0 assemblage of the Chemnitz Fossil Lagerstätte (Chemnitz Basin, Sakmarian–Artinskian transition). The skeleton was found in basal air-fall tuffs of the Zeisigwald Tuff (Leukersdorf Formation) and consists of the almost complete skull roof in dorsal view, parts of the occiput, fore and hind limbs, numerous presacral vertebrae and ribs, parts of the pelvic girdle and ventral scales. The new taxon Chemnitzion richteri gen. nov. et sp. nov. is proposed due to the following autapomorphic characters: (1) postorbital skull very short, about five times shorter than the preorbital skull; (2) elongate and robust hindlimbs, with femur length reaching almost half of the skull length. A phylogenetic analysis finds the new taxon at the base of a monophyletic Zatracheidae, forming a trichotomy with Acanthostomatops vorax and the more derived zatracheids [Zatrachys serratus + (Dasyceps bucklandi + D. microphthalmus)]. The animal was part of a diverse trophic web of plants, animals and microorganisms. Various vertebrates, arthropods and gastropods constituted a vital community that lived in a dense, seasonally influenced forest habitat dominated by tree-sized ferns, calamitaleans, medullosans and cordaitaleans. The temnospondyl’s death and taphonomic background is closely related to the ash-cloud deposition following a phreatoplinian eruption. The following massive pyroclastic flow finally entombed the moist forest and intensively heated all enclosed organic remnants.

Keywords: Terrestriality, Chemnitzion richteri gen. nov. et sp. nov., Zatracheidae, Skull roof sculpture, Powerful hind limb, Cisuralian, Volcanic taphonomy


Chemnitzion richteri gen. nov. et sp. nov., dorsal skull roof, skull length of 62 mm;
a, b skull with bones showing heat-derived cracks and blisters, and with rounded organic remains of the orbital sacs and of the intermaxillary gland sac, TA 0949b.

Reconstruction of the new zatracheid temnospondyl Chemnitzion richteri gen. nov. et sp. nov. in the last moments of its life, from the Permian Fossil Lagerstätte of Chemnitz, central-east Germany.
Artwork by Frederik Spindler.

Systematic palaeontology

Order Temnospondyli von Zittel, 1888
Family Zatracheidae Cope, 1882

Genus Chemnitzion gen. nov.

Etymology. The genus name aims to dignify the find locality, the city of Chemnitz—European Capital of Culture 2025.

Chemnitzionrichteri gen. nov. et sp. nov. 

Etymology In honour of Mr Fred Richter, dedicated fossil collector for many decades and chairman of the friend’s circle board of the Museum für Naturkunde Chemnitz.

Locality and horizon. Chemnitz-Hilbersdorf excavation, Frankenberger Straße, central-east Germany; basal ash-tuff unit S5 of the Zeisigwald Tuff, Leukersdorf Formation, lower Rotliegend (Sakmarian–Artinskian transition, Cisuralian), Chemnitz Basin.
 

Ralf Werneburg, Florian Witzmann, Joerg W. Schneider and Ronny Rößler. 2022. A New Basal Zatracheid Temnospondyl from the early Permian Chemnitz Fossil Lagerstätte, central-east Germany. PalZ. DOI: 10.1007/s12542-022-00624-8

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[Botany • 2022] Handroanthus abayoy (Bignoniaceae) • A New Species endemic from Bolivia

June 2, 2022, 1:00 am
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Handroanthus abayoy Villarroel & G.A.Parada, 

inVillarroel, Parada, Martinez-Ugarteche & Klitgaard, 2022.

Abstract
Handroanthus abayoy is a new species endemic to the southern region of the department of Santa Cruz, Bolivia. Morphologically the most similar species to H. abayoy is H. selachidentatus, both species are part of Tabebuia group II according to the classification proposed by Grose & Olmstead (2007). However, the two species have a different geographic distribution, and at least 15 morphological characteristics, both vegetative and reproductive, that distinguish one from the other.

Keywords: abayoy, Cerrado, Eudicots
 




Handroanthus abayoy Villarroel & G.A.Parada, sp. nov.

Etymology:— The specific epithet “abayoy” refers to the main type of vegetation where the species lives, the abayoy, a word from the Bésiro language that means dwarf forest. This type of vegetation has a series of biotic and abiotic characteristics that differentiate it from the Pantantal, the Chaco and the Chiquitano Dry Forest; being, biophysically more similar to the Cerrado ( Ibisch et al. 2003, Navarro 2011, Villarroel et al. 2016).


Daniel Villarroel, G. Alexander Parada, Maira T. Martinez-Ugarteche and Bente B. Klitgaard. 2022. Handroanthus abayoy, A New Species of Bignoniaceae endemic from Bolivia.  Phytotaxa. 547(1); 97-104. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.547.1.9
 facebook.com/FundacionAmigosdelaNaturaleza/posts/5107106739344079

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[Botany • 2022] Impatiens nushanensis (Balsaminaceae) • A New Species from Yunnan, China

June 2, 2022, 8:47 am
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  Impatiens nushanensis Z. Wang, P. P. Wu & S. X. Yu,

in Wang, Wu, Liu, Guo & Yu, 2022. 
怒山凤仙花 || DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.545.2.7 
 
Abstract
Impatiens nushanensis (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China, is described and illustrated here. The new species is morphologically most similar to I. purpurea, but differs by having two pairs of lateral sepals and deep purple lower lobe of the lateral united petal with an acuminate and ribbon-like apex. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis based on molecular data also support the recognization of this new species.

Key words: Balsaminaceae, taxonomy, flora of China, Nushan Mountain, new taxon


  Impatiens nushanensis Z. Wang, P. P. Wu & S. X. Yu,
A. Habit; B. Flower, front view; C. Flower, lateral view; E. Fruits.
D. Dissection of a flower, D 1 upper petal, D 2 lower sepal, D 3 outer lateral sepals, D 4 inner lateral sepals, D 5 lateral united petals, D 6 ovary surrounded by stamens.
(Photographed by Zi Wang)

Impatiens nushanensis and three related species.
A. I. rectangula (by Zi Wang); B. I. cyathiflora (by Min-Yu Chen);
C. I. purpurea (by Bin Chen); D. I. nushanensis (by Zi Wang). 

Impatiens nushanensis Z. Wang, P. P. Wu & S. X. Yu, sp. nov.

Etymology:—The epithet nushanensis refers to the type locality, Nushan Mountain, 
and the Chinese name of this new species is given as 怒山凤仙花.

 
Zi Wang, Po-Po Wu, Chang-Cheng Liu, Ke Guo and Sheng-Xiang Yu. 2022. Impatiens nushanensis (Balsaminaceae), A New Species from Yunnan, China. Phytotaxa. 545(2); 186-196. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.545.2.7 
 Researchgate.net/publication/360483918_Impatiens_nushanensis_a_new_species_from_Yunnan_China

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[Herpetology • 2022] Cyrtodactylus monilatus • A New Species in the Cyrtodactylus oldhami Group (Squamata, Gekkonidae) from Kanchanaburi Province, western Thailand

June 2, 2022, 9:06 am
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Cyrtodactylus monilatus  
Yodthong, Rujirawan, Stuart, Grismer, Aksornneam, Termprayoon, Ampai & Aowphol, 2022

Kanchanaburi Spotted Bent-toed Gecko || ตุ๊กแกป่าลายจุดเมืองกาญจน์

Abstract
Cyrtodactylus monilatus sp. nov. is described from Si Sawat District, Kanchanaburi Province, in western Thailand. The new species superficially resembles C. zebraicus Taylor, 1962 from southern Thailand. However, differences between the new species from C. zebraicus and other congeners were supported by an integrative taxonomic analysis of molecular and morphological data. Phylogenetic analyses based on the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) gene showed that the new species is a member of the C. oldhami group and closely related to Cyrtodactylus sp. MT468911 from Thong Pha Phum National Park, Thong Pha Phum District, Kanchanaburi Province. Uncorrected pairwise genetic divergences (p-distances) between the new species and its congeners, including C. zebraicus, ranged from 7.7–17.7%. Cyrtodactylus monilatus sp. nov. can also be distinguished from all members of the C. oldhami group by having a unique combination of morphological characters, including a snout to vent length of 53.7–63.3 mm in adult males and 58.6–75.8 mm in adult females; 22–34 paravertebral tubercles; 34–42 ventral scales; 30–39 enlarged contiguous femoroprecloacal scales; femoral pores and precloacal pores absent in both sexes; four or five rows of postprecloacal scales; enlarged median subcaudal scales absent; weak ventrolateral folds present; 4–7 rows of paired, paravertebral, dark-brown blotches edged in yellow or yellowish white; and two rows of small, diffuse, yellow or yellowish white spots on flanks. The new species occurs in a narrow range of forest at mid to low elevations associated with karst landscapes in the Tenasserim mountain range.

Keywords: Cyrtodactylus monilatus sp. nov., Cyrtodactylus zebraicus, integrative taxonomy, mitochondrial DNA, morphology, phylogeny, Southeast Asia

Adult male holotype of Cyrtodactylus monilatus sp. nov. (ZMKU R 00943) in life from Tham Phrathat Protection Unit, Si Sawat District, Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand
 A lateral view B dorsal view C ventral view D precloacal region showing distribution of continuous, enlarged femoroprecloacal scales E palmar view of the left hand F plantar view of the left foot, and G ventral view of tail showing not enlarged median subcaudal scales.

Paratypes of Cyrtodactylus monilatus sp. nov. in life showing variation in color pattern
 A adult male (ZMKU R 00935)
B adult male (ZMKU R 00944) from Tham Phrathat Protection Unit
C adult female (ZMKU R 00927) from Erawan Waterfall
D adult female (ZMKU R 00926) from Tham Than Lot Noi-Tham Than Lot Yai Nature Trail, Si Sawat District, Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand.

 Cyrtodactylus monilatus sp. nov. 
Common English name: Kanchanaburi Spotted Bent-toed Gecko 

Diagnosis: Cyrtodactylus monilatus sp. nov. is assigned to the C. oldhami group on the basis of its recovered phylogenetic position (Fig. 1). This species can be distinguished from all other species of the C. oldhami group (sensu Grismer et al. 2021b) by having the following combination of characters: (1) a medium-sized Cyrtodactylus, SVL 53.7–63.3 mm in adult males, 58.6–75.8 mm in adult females; (2) 10–13 supralabial and 8–11 infralabial scales; (3) 22–34 paravertebral tubercles; (4) 16–21 longitudinal rows of dorsal tubercles; (5) 34–42 ventral scales; (6) 12–16 total subdigital lamellae on the fourth finger; (7) 15–19 total subdigital lamellae on the fourth toe; (8) 30–39 contiguous enlarged femoroprecloacal scales; (9) femoral pores and precloacal pores absent in both sexes; (10) four or five rows of postprecloacal scales; (11) precloacal groove or depression absent; (12) enlarged median subcaudal scales absent; (13) 9–12 dark and light caudal bands encircling the original tail; (14) weak ventrolateral folds present; (15) subconical to slightly prominent trihedral keeled tubercles on body that extend past the base of the tail but no further than 1/3 of anterior portion of tail; (16) top of head bearing large, dark-brown blotches edged in yellow or yellowish white with no light-colored network; (17) 4–7 dorsal body bands composed of paired, paravertebral, dark-brown blotches edged in yellow or yellowish white; and (18) two rows of small, diffuse, yellow or yellowish white spots on flanks.

Etymology: The specific epithet monilatus is taken from monile (L.) for necklace or string of beads and latus (L.) for flank, in reference to the new species having two rows of small, diffuse, yellow or yellowish white spots on the flanks that resemble a beaded necklace. These spots are an important color pattern difference between the new species and C. zebraicus. 
We propose “Kanchanaburi Spotted Bent-toed Gecko” for the common English name and “ตุ๊กแกป่าลายจุดเมืองกาญจน์” (Took kae pa lai jud Mueang Kan) for the common Thai name of the new species.

Sampling localities of Cyrtodactylus monilatus sp. nov. 
A the type locality in Tham Phrathat Protection Unit
B Erawan Waterfall
C Tham Than Lot Noi-Tham Than Lot Yai Nature Trail, Si Sawat District, Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand.

Habitat of Cyrtodactylus monilatus sp. nov. Tham Phrathat Protection Unit, Si Sawat District, Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand
A adult female (ZMKU R 00941) on boulder outcrops B adult male (not collected) on shrub.


Siriporn Yodthong, Attapol Rujirawan, Bryan L. Stuart, L. Lee Grismer, Akrachai Aksornneam, Korkhwan Termprayoon, Natee Ampai and Anchalee Aowphol. 2022. A New Species in the Cyrtodactylus oldhami Group (Squamata, Gekkonidae) from Kanchanaburi Province, western Thailand.  ZooKeys. 1103: 139-169. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1103.84672


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[Ichthyology • 2022] Cambeva gamabelardense • An Endangered New Catfish Species of the Genus Cambeva (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from the Rio Chapecó drainage, southern Brazil

June 5, 2022, 4:10 am
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Cambeva gamabelardense
Costa, Feltrin & Katz, 2022

 
Numerous species in fast–flowing streams of southern Brazil have not been described to date. As some of these species inhabit areas under pressure due to the ongoing, intense process of environmental degradation, formal descriptions are urgently needed so as to elaborate strategies for their conservation. We describe a new species, Cambeva gamabelardense n. sp., found in the middle Rio Chapecó drainage, Uruguay River basin, in an area where intense deforestation and soya plantation is endangering fish species. The new species is considered closely related to C. panthera, a species occurring in an isolated coastal basin about 380 km from the area inhabited by the new species, as the two species share a unique jaguar–like pattern on the flank. The new species differs from C. panthera by having shorter barbels, a different position of the origin of the dorsal–fin, more vertebrae, and osteological features that are unique among congeners.

Keywords: Cambeva gamabelardense n. sp., Comparative morphology, Mountain biodiversity, Osteology, Uruguay River basin

Cambeva gamabelardense n. sp., holotype, UFRJ 7003, 107.2 mm SL:
A, lateral view; B, dorsal view; C, ventral view.

Class Actinopterygii Klein, 1885 
Order Siluriformes Cuvier, 1817 

Family Trichomycteridae Bleeker, 1858 

Cambeva gamabelardense n. sp. (figs. 1–2)

Diagnosis: Cambeva gamabelardense is distinguished from all other congeners, except C. panthera Costa, Feltrin and Katz, 2021, by having a jaguar–like colour pattern on the flank, consisting of irregularly shaped pale brown spots of variable size and shape, with their margins overlapped by small dark brown spots (fig. 1; vs. never a similar colour pattern). Cambeva gamabelardense differs from C. panthera by having shorter barbels, with the tip of the maxillary and rictal barbels reaching the middle portion of the interopercular patch of odontodes (vs. the tip of the maxillary barbel reaching the middle of the pectoral–fin base and the tip of the rictal barbel reaching between the interopercular patch of odontodes and the pectoral–fin base) and the tip of the nasal barbel reaching between the eye and the opercular patch of odontodes (vs. the tip of the nasal barbel reaching the middle of opercular patch of odontodes); the first pectoral–fin ray terminating in a rudimentary filament, weakly extending beyond the fin membrane (vs. filament about 10–15% of the pectoral–fin length); the posterior extremity of the pelvic fin at a vertical through the anterior portion of the dorsal–fin base (vs. middle portion); the dorsal–fin origin at a vertical through the centrum of the 20th or 21st vertebra (vs. through the centrum of the 18th or 19th vertebra); and 38 or 39 vertebrae (vs. 37). Cambeva gamabelardense differs from all other trichomycterines examined by its long metapterygoid, its horizontal length longer than the horizontal length of hyomandibula anterior outgrowth (fig. 2B; vs. shorter) and a small lateral projection on the lateral margin of the lateral ethmoid, just posterior to the articular facet for the autopalatine (fig. 2A; vs. absence of a similar projection).

Distribution: Cambeva gamabelardense n. sp. is only known from the type locality area, in the upper Rio Chapecó drainage, Rio Uruguai basin, at altitudes between about 750 and 860 m a.s.l. (fig. 3).

Etymology: The name gamabelardense (gamma, the third letter of the Greek alphabet, and abelardense, a Portuguese word referring to people born in Abelardo Luz municipality) is an allusion to the third new species of Cambeva known to occur in this area. The other two species are described in Costa et al. (2022).  


W. J. M. Costa, C. R. M. Feltrin and A. M. Katz. 2022. An Endangered New Catfish Species of the Genus Cambeva (Cambeva gamabelardense n. sp.) (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) from the Rio Chapecó drainage, southern Brazil. Animal Biodiversity and Conservation. 45.1: 123-129. DOI:  10.32800/abc.2022.45.0123


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